Tissues & Systems |||

Question 1

What are the 3 key roles of the urinary system ?

Answer 1

1) Excretion
2) Elimination
3) Homeostatic regulation

Question 2

What is the indented part of the kidney on the medial surface?

Answer 2

• Renal helium

Question 3

What are the points of entry and exit of the kidney?

Answer 3

• Point of entry: Renal artery and renal nerves

- Point of exit: Renal vein and ureter

Question 4

What is the renal capsule?

Answer 4

•Fibrous capsule that encases kidney and prevents infection

Question 5

The cortex extends into the…..

Answer 5

• Medulla as renal columns

Question 6

How many renal pyramids is the medulla composed of?

Answer 6

• 6 to 18 triangular renal pyramids (separated by renal columns)

Question 7

The renal papillae (at the base of renal pyramids) channel urine towards the….

Answer 7

• Renal pelvis

Question 8

What is a nephron and what are the two types?

Answer 8

A nephron is a function filtration unit.

There are two types: Cortical and juxtamedullary

Question 9

How is a horseshoe kidney discovered?

Answer 9

• Discovered on imaging

Question 10

Where does urine flow through?

Answer 10

• From the renal pelvis through the ureter to the urinary bladder

Question 11

A smooth muscle sac that stores urine is known as the ……

Answer 11

Bladder

rests on the pelvic floor

Question 12

What is the trigone?

Answer 12

A triangular area that is outlined by the openings for the ureters and the urethra

Question 13

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 13

• A muscular tube that drains urine from the bladder and conveys it out the body

Question 14

Why are urinary tract infections more common in females?

Answer 14

• Due to the shorter urethra (Females: 4cm) (Males: 20cm)

Question 15

What are the two primary reproductive organs?

Answer 15

• Ovaries

* Testes

Question 16

The digestive system chemically breaks down biological molecules into their component parts which are….

Answer 16

• Lipids to fatty acids
• Proteins to amino acids
• Carbohydrates to sugars

Question 17

The digestive system is a long _____ tube that begins at the _____ and ends with the _____

Answer 17

• Muscular
• Mouth
• Anus

Question 18

How does the digestive system absorb substances into the blood or lymph?

Answer 18

Using passive and active transport

Question 19

Large salivary grands are SubL____, SubM_____ and parotid

Answer 19

• Sublingual and Submandibular

Question 20

What are the four anatomical regions of the stomach?

Answer 20

• Cardia
• Fundus
• Corpus (body)
• Pylorus

Question 21

In the stomach what breaks down proteins?

Answer 21

• Pepsin

Question 22

What protects the stomach lining?

Answer 22

• Mucus secreted by stomach cells

Question 23

What is Hiatal hernia caused by?

Answer 23

• Caused by weakened muscle tissue/ excessive pressure

Question 24

What are the three subdivisions of the small intestine?

Answer 24

• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum

Question 25

What are the three main sections of the large intestine?

Answer 25

• Caecum
• Colon
• Rectum

Question 26

What is the function of the excretory system?

Answer 26

• Gets rid of wastes and other substances that the body doesn’t need ( Solid waste in the form of faeces, and Metabolic waste produced from chemical reactions)