tissues chapter 4

Question 1

nervous tissue

Answer 1

regulates and controls various body functions
found in brain , spinal cord and nerves

Question 2

neurons

Answer 2

type of nervous tissue
create and transmit electrical impulse through entire body and can respond to various stimuli

Question 3

supporting cells

Answer 3

do not create electrical impulse
protect neurons - can physically wrap around neuron

Question 4

what allows for muscle contractions

Answer 4

interaction of myosin and actin

Question 5

skeletal muscle

Answer 5

voluntary movement
has striations
can change force if needed
attach to bone : perfrom movement

Question 6

cardiac muscle

Answer 6

involuntary control
found in walls of the heart
has striations
lower part of brain conrols movement

Question 7

smooth muscle

Answer 7

lines hollow organs (organs empty on inside)
involuntary
no striations

Question 8

general functions of epithelial tissue

Answer 8

boundary forming ; seperate one part of the body from another
substances received or given off by the body must pass through this tissye

Question 9

covering epithelium

Answer 9

forms the covering of all internal and external surfaces of the body , lines body cavity and hollow organs
BOUNDARY FORMING AND SUBSTANCE PASSING TYPE

Question 10

Glandular epithelium

Answer 10

makes up the glands of the body

Question 11

apical surface

Answer 11

the part of epithelial tissue that is facing the empty space or lumen of the body
have microvili - which are extensions of the plasma membrabe that allow more materials to be brought into the cell
have cili - little hair like projections that beat back and forth causing current to allow substance to pass through easier

Question 12

basal lamina

Answer 12

attached to basal surface and filters what can/cannot enter epithelial tissue from underlying connective tissue

Question 13

basal surface

Answer 13

connects to underlying connective tissue

Question 14

how are neighboring epithelial cells joined

Answer 14

tight junctions or desmosomes (cellular velcro)

Question 15

basement membrane

Answer 15

lines basal side of epithelium
in between connnective tissue and epithelium - holds epithilium in place

Question 16

what is the function of the basement membrane

Answer 16

resist pulling forces and mechanical stress on epithlial tissue

Question 17

characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 17

avascular - no blood supply (gets nutrtients through diffusiin from connective tissue )
innervated - supplied w nerve fibers (control activity rates of epithelia)
high capacity for regenration - high levels of abrasion must reprduce quickly : at times never stops regenrating

Question 18

simply epithelial

Answer 18

contains only 1 layer of cells
seen where absoroption , secretion and filtration are desired bc movement of materials is faster and more efficient

Question 19

stratified epithelium

Answer 19

mutliple layers
seen in areas of high abrasions where epithlial is being pulled off or rubbed frequently - prevent damage

Question 20

squamos cells

Answer 20

squashed or flattened
look like egg

Question 21

cubiodal cells

Answer 21

cube shaped

Question 22

columnar cells

Answer 22

tall and column shaped

Question 23

simple squamous epithelia

Answer 23

thin and permeable
absorption secretion and filtration

Question 24

mesothelium

Answer 24

epithelium of pleura , peracardium andf periotoneum
thin and flat - doesnt take up space
doesnt get in the way of organ function

Question 25

endothelium

Answer 25

forms slick and slippery linings of vessel - helps blood flow

Question 26

simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 26

thicker than squamous
absorption and secretion

Question 27

simple columnar epithelium

Answer 27

absorption and secretion
many have microvili and cilia