Tissues and organs, digestive system, enzymes

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

The smallest part of a living organism

Question 2

2 Examples of cells in a plant

Answer 2

Palisade cell

Root hair cell

Question 3

2 Examples of cells in an animal

Answer 3

Nerve cell

Sperm cell

Question 4

2 Examples of tissues in a plant

Answer 4

Xylem

Phloem

Question 5

2 Examples of tissues in an animal

Answer 5

Epithelial

Muscular

Question 6

Tissue

Answer 6

a group of similar cells carrying out a function

Question 7

Organ

Answer 7

Group of different tissues carrying out a function

Question 8

2 Examples of organs in a plant

Answer 8

leaf

stem

Question 9

2 Examples of organs in an animal

Answer 9

heart

brain

Question 10

Organ system

Answer 10

Different organs carrying out a function

Question 11

Organ system in a plant

Answer 11

Reproductive system

Water transport

Question 12

Organ systems in an animal

Answer 12

Digestive system

Respiratory system

Question 13

Organism

Answer 13

Different organ system carrying out a function

Question 14

smooth epithelial tissue

Answer 14

linear inside+ outside of organs

Question 15

Muscular tissues

Answer 15

contracts+ relaxes to allow movement

Question 16

Glandular tissue

Answer 16

Secretes hormones, enzymes+ other substances from glands

Question 17

What are the 2 types of digestion

Answer 17

Mechanical

Chemical

Question 18

Mechanical digestion

Answer 18

Using teeth only

Question 19

Chemical digestion

Answer 19

Using enzymes

Question 20

Digestive system s function

Answer 20

Breaks down larger molecules to smaller molecules.

Question 21

What 3 things enzymes do

Answer 21

Break substances down e.g digestion
Builds things up e.g amino acids
turn one substance directly to another

Question 22

Mouth

Answer 22

Both mechanical and chemical digestion
Mechanical- teeth
Chemical- contains saliva, which contains amylase

Question 23

Esophagus

Answer 23

The tube connecting to mouth to the stomach

Question 24

Stomach

Answer 24

Contains muscle tissues- churns food
Has a high quantity of hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria and gives the right PH for some enzymes
The stomach has a lining of mucus which prevents HCL from damaging the stomach lining

Question 25

Large intestine

Answer 25

Absorbs excess water | where undigested food reaches

Question 26

Small intestine

Answer 26

Absorbs nutrients via the villi Villi- Large surface area to maximize absorption Thin walls mean short diffusion pathways The network of capillaries maintains the concentration of gradient

Question 27

Rectum

Answer 27

Stores feces

Question 28

Anus

Answer 28

Ring of muscle that allows faeces to leave the body( sphincter muscle)

Question 29

Pancreas

Answer 29

Makes digestive enzymes

Question 30

Protease

Answer 30

Breaks down proteins into amino acids

Question 31

Lipase

Answer 31

Breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 32

Carbohydrate/ amylase

Answer 32

Breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars( glycerol)

Question 33

What does the liver make?

Answer 33

Makes bile

Question 34

Gall bladder

Answer 34

Stores bile

Question 35

Bile

Answer 35

Green/ yellow alkali solution Function: emulsifies( breaks down) fats into tiny drops. Increase surface area Neutralizes stomach acid Gives the right PH for enzymes

Question 36

pepsin is made by the ... and it...

Answer 36

Stomach | Breaks down proteins into smaller peptides

Question 37

Peristalsis

Answer 37

movement of food in the gut

Question 38

Bolus

Answer 38

Food mixed with saliva

Question 39

Where is protease made

Answer 39

stomach, pancreas, small intestine

Question 40

Where is Lipase made

Answer 40

Pancreas, small intestine

Question 41

Where is Amylase made

Answer 41

Salivary glands, pancreas

Question 42

Where does protease work?

Answer 42

stomach, small intestine

Question 43

Where does lipase work?

Answer 43

intestine

Question 44

Where does amylase work?

Answer 44

Mouth, small intestine

Question 45

What is an enzyme?

Answer 45

Enzymes are biological catalysts They increase the rate of reactions each enzyme has different shapes and work at different conditions Within the shape is indentation known as the active site Only a type of substrate fits into the shape of the substrate molecules. If the shape of the enzyme changes, its active sites may no longer work. We say enzymes have been denatured.

Question 46

Pathogen

Answer 46

Anything that causes disease

Question 47

Enzymes denature when:

Answer 47

Proteins bond break Active site changes shape The substrate can t fit Reaction not catalysed

Question 48

What denatures an enzyme?

Answer 48

PH | tempreature

Question 49

What affects rate of reactions?

Answer 49

``` Temperature Concentration of reactants PH Surface area Pressure ```