Tissues Flashcards
What are columnar epithelial cells?
Elongated with the nucleus generally near the bottom. Often coli Ted on the outer surface. Line ducts, digestive tract
What is areolar (loose) connective tissue?
Composed of a lg semi fluid matrix with many different types of cells and fibres embedded in it. This tissue surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels
What does adipose tissue do?
Stores lipids. Acts as filler tissue. Loose, connective tissue composed of sac-like adipose cells. they are specilized for the storage of fat
What is a ligament?
Hold bones together
What are tendons?
Hold bone to muscle
What is a fasciae?
Fibrous connective tissues sheets that wrap around muscle bundles to hold them in place
What is cartilage?
Firm but flexible support
What is fibrocartilage?
Strong, flexible->found between bones
What is elastic cartilage?
The intercellular matrix is embedded with a network of elastic fibres-> firm but flexible
What are the two main functions of a neuron?
1) irritability: ability to respond to environmental changes
2) conductivity: ability to carry a nerve impulse
What is histology?
The study of tissues
What are the four kinds of tissues?
Epithelial, connective,, muscle, and nervous
What does the basement membrane do?
It acts as an anchor and adhesive for epithelial cells
How are epithelial cells named?
Shape, arrangement or function
What are squamous epithelial cells
They are flat and serve to protect.->lining of mouth and skin
what do cuboidal cells do?
They are shaped like cubes and function in protection and secretion.
What do columnar epithelial cells do?
They are tall, rectangular, function in secretion and absorption
How thick is a simple epithelium layer?
Once cell layer thick
How thick is stratified epithelium layer?
Several layers think
How thick is pseudostratified epithelium?
Looks several layers thick but all cells extend from the basement membrane to the outer surface
What do transitional epithelium cells looks like
Several layers of closely packed, easily stretched cells. When stretched they appear flat; when relaxed they look ragged, or saw-toothed
What is endothelium of the heart called?
Endocardium?
What lines the great cavities of the body
Mesothelium or serous tissues.
What lines the thoracic cavity?
Pleura
What lines the abdominal cavity? What covers the heart?
Peritoneum, pericardium
What is connective tissue made up of?
Intercellular material called matrix
What are the three different kinds of connective tissue?
Loose, dense, specialized
What are the three types of loose connective tissue?
Areolar, adipose, and reticular
What are the three main cells found in areolar (loose connective tissue)
1) firbroblasts: make fibrils for repair
2) histiocytes or macrophages: phagocytosis
3) mast cells: produce the anticoagulant heparin and histamine an inflammatory substance
What does reticular (loose connective tissue) do?
Forms the framework of the liver, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow.
Dense connective tissue that has a regular argument of embedded firbres:
Tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses
Dense connective tissue have irregular arrangement of embedded fibers are
Muscle sheaths, joint capsules and fascia
What are the different types of cartilage?
Hyaline, fibrocartilage and elastic
What cells are in cartilage?
Chondryocytes
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
In the costal cartilages that attach to the ribs of the sternum, in the septum of our nose Nd the rings that keep our trachea and bronchi open
What are teeth made out of? And what is the crown of the tooth covered in?
Dentin, enamel
A histiocyte is a cell found in
Connective tissue
Which tissue has little intercellular material?
Epithelial
Kupffer’s cells are found in the
Liver
Ovaries are what type of cell?
Cuboidal
The membrane lining the lungs is the
Visceral pleural
The lining of blood vessels is made up of
Squamous cells
Alveoli of the lungs have which kind of cell arrangement?
Simple
If a relaxed tissue and the cell layer looks like the teeth of a saw, it is
Transitional
Which glands are unicellular?
Goblet
The vessels made up of endothelium in simple cell arrangement are
Capillaries
Synovial membrane line joints and
Bursae
Synovial membranes function in
Friction reduction
Which tissue functions as an insulator?
Adipose
Muscles have the ability to shorten and thicken due to
Actin and myosin
Intercalated disks are found in which type of muscle?
Cardiac
The supporting cells of the nervous system are the
Neuroglia
An example of dense connective tissue with an irregular arrangement of fibres is a(n)
Muscle sheath
Bone stores the mineral salts calcium and
Phosphorus
