The Chemistry Of Life

Question 1

What does an atom consist of?

Answer 1

A nucleus contains + charged protons and neutral neutrons

Question 2

What is an isotope?

Answer 2

Different kind of atom of the same element where the number of neutrons in the nucleus varies

Question 3

What element is found in all living matter?

Answer 3

Carbon

Question 4

What is an ionic bond and what does it do in water?

Answer 4

When one atom gains electrons while the other atom in the bond loses electrons. In water ironic bonds disassociate.

Question 5

What is a covalent bond and what does it do in water?

Answer 5

A covalent bond is formed when atoms share electrons. They don’t dissociate in water.

Question 6

What are H bonds?

Answer 6

They are weak bonds. They help hold water molecules together and bind other molecules into 3D shapes

Question 7

What is an electron carrier?

Answer 7

They accept electrons for a short period of time and use the energy of the electrons to make ATP molecules

Question 8

Water is a slightly _____ molecule

Answer 8

Polar

Question 9

What is ammonia a by-product of?

Answer 9

Breakdown of aa

Question 10

Aa contain _________and are the building blocks of __________

Answer 10

Nitrogen, protein

Question 11

What is the ratio of crabon, hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates?

Answer 11

1:2:1

Question 12

What is the purpose of carbohydrates

Answer 12

Energy storage and structural strengthening of the cell

Question 13

What are 95% of fat in the human body?

Answer 13

Triacylglcerols. Composed of glycerol and fatty acid

Question 14

Saturated fat =
Unsaturated fat=
Which one is good for you?

Answer 14

Saturated- factory acid contains single covalent bonds-> cardio vascular disease
Unstatured= double covalent bonds-> good for you

Question 15

What is the purpose of fat?

Answer 15

Source of energy, insulation and protects organs.

Question 16

What is the building block of protein

Answer 16

Aa

Question 17

_________ are a protein catalyst that make chemical rxn occur in cells.

Answer 17

Enzymes

Question 18

Nucleic acid are composed of chains of _______

Answer 18

Nucleotides

Question 19

The two purine bases are ______ &______

The two pyramiding bases are ______ &_______

Answer 19

Adenine and guanine

Thymine and cytosine (uracil instead of thymine in RNA)

Question 20

What is Brownian movement?

Answer 20

The random collision of diffusing molecules

Question 21

What does increased temp do to molecules

Answer 21

Accelerates the rate of diffusing molecues

Question 22

What is an isotonic solution and give an example

Answer 22

->normal saline: a solution in which the salt concentration inside the cell is the same as that of outside the cell. The cell would neither gain or lose water

Question 23

What is a hypotonic solution and give an example of one.

Answer 23

Pure distilled water-> a solution in which the salt concentration inside the cell is greater than outside the cell. the cell would absorb water in this solution.

Question 24

What is a hypertonic solution.

Answer 24

Ie) ocean water: is which the salt concentrations is greater outside the cell than it is inside the cell. The cell would lose water to the outside envrionment.

Question 25

_____ is the negative logarithm of the H ion.

Answer 25

-pH

Question 26

If a substance dissociates and forms an excess of H in water it is an _____

Answer 26

Acid

Question 27

If a substance that combines with H ions when dissolved in water its a ______

Answer 27

Base

Question 28

The use of water in the process of digestion is called

Answer 28

Hydrolysis

Question 29

Atomic theory was proposed by

Answer 29

John dalton

Question 30

What % of our atmosphere is oxygen?

Answer 30

21%

Question 31

The energy of the ATP molecule is stored in which phosphate group?

Answer 31

Between the 2nd & 3

Question 32

How many aa are there?

Answer 32

20