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A & P > The Human Body > Flashcards

The Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four basic reference systems of body organization?

A

Direction
Planes
Cavities
Structural units

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2
Q

Upper most part =

Lower most part=

A

Superior, inferior

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3
Q

————-means towards the front and _________ is a snynomous with it

A

Anterior, ventral

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4
Q

_______means toward the back and ________ is a synonymous with it

A

Posterior, dorsal

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5
Q

_________ or ________ means towards the head

A

Cephalad or cranial

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6
Q

____________means towards the midline, ____________means towards the side

A

Madeline, lateral

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7
Q

___________means near the point of attachment; __________ means away from the point of attachment

A

Proximal, distal

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8
Q

_________ or __________ vertically divides the body into equal halfs

A

Midsagittal, median plan

A sagittal plane is // to median or midsagittal plane

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9
Q

A _________ or a _________ divides the body into superior and inferior planes

A

Horizontal or transverse plane

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10
Q

A __________ or a ________ plane divides the anterior or ventral and the posterior or dorsal portions of the body at right angles to the sagittal plane

A

Frontal, coronal

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11
Q

What are the two main cavities of the body?

A

Dorsal and ventral cavity

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12
Q

What cavities are found in the dorsal cavity?

A

Cranial (contains the brain) and the spinal cavity (which contains the spinal cord)

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13
Q

What is the ventral cavity subdivided into?

A 
Thoracic cavity (contains the heart in the pericardial cavity and the two lungs each in a pleural cavity)
Abdominopelvic cavity which contains the digestive organs and some urinary reproductive organs.
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14
Q

What does the term parietal refer to?

A

The walls of a cavity

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15
Q

What does the term visceral refer to?

A

The covering of an organ

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16
Q

What is the most basic unit of the body’s organization?

A

The cell

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17
Q

What re the different types of cells that make up the four tissues?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

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18
Q

_________ are composed of cells integrated into tissues serving a common function

A

Organs

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19
Q

What does the integumentary system include?

A

Skin, hair, nails, sweat ad sebaceous glands

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20
Q

What is the function of the integumentary system?

A

It protects, regulates water and temperature

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21
Q

What does the skeletal system do?

A

Produces red blood cells, allows movement, protects, supports and stores fat

22
Q

What are the three different kinds of muscle and what is its purpose?

A

Movement: skeletal, smooth, cardiac

23
Q

Who was the first person to correctly illustrate the human skeleton?

A

Leonardo da Vinci

24
Q

Salivary glands produce saliva which contains

A

Enzymes

25
Q

When referring to direction the human body is erect and facing

A

Forward

26
Q

The study of disease is called

A

Pathology

27
Q

What position is the thoracic cavity in relation to the abdominal cavity?

A

Superior

28
Q

The term that best describes the direction nearest to the midline of the body is

A

Medial

29
Q

With relation to the ankle the knee is

A

Proximal

30
Q

Any plane // to the median plane is

A

Sagittal

31
Q

A cut through the long axis of an organ is called what kind of section?

A

Longitudinal

32
Q

A cut at right angles to the long axis is referred to as?

A

Trasverse

33
Q

The body has how many major cavities?

A

2

34
Q

The dorsal cavity contains organs of which system?

A

Nervous

35
Q

The ventral cavity contains organs that are involved in maintaining

A

Homeostasis

36
Q

The heart in its sac resides in which cavity?

A

Pericardial

37
Q

The ovaries and uterus in women are continued in which cavity

A

Abdominopelvic

38
Q

The membrane lining the pleural wall is the

A

Parietal pleural

39
Q

The membrane covering the abdominal organs is the

A

Parietal peritoneum

40
Q

The membrane covering the lungs is the

A

Visceral pleural

41
Q

The basic unit of biologic organization is the cell. Cells grouped together make up

A

Tissues

42
Q

Mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes are considered

A

Organelles

43
Q

The type of tissue with little if any intercellular material is

A

Epithelial

44
Q

The type of tissue having cells that produce elastin and collagen is

A

Connective

45
Q

Which system has organs functions as levers?

A

Skeletal

46
Q

Which system is composed of two layers?

A

Integumentary (epidermis and dermis)

47
Q

Fibrous connective tissue is known as

A

Tendons

48
Q

Interpreting stimuli from the external environment is the function of which system

A

Nervous

49
Q

What hormone moves excess sugar into the liver?

A

Insulin

50
Q

Which cavity contains the brain and spinal cord?

A

Dorsal cavity

51
Q

what is the thoracic cavity surrounded by?

A

Rib cage

A & P (15 decks)

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