Tissues Flashcards
what is epithelial tissue?
It is tissue that covers surfaces and separates compartments
what are the four types of tissue that make up the entire body?
epithelial , connective, muscle and nerve
describe epithelial tissue
no contract inhibition
forms cell - cell / cell - ECM junctions to fill gaps
what do desmosomes do?
provide a strong bond between adjacent epithelial cells
what do hemidesmosomes do?
attach epithelial cell to basement membrane
what does cilia do?
Provides a mechanism for movement of material over the surface of epithelia
what do tight/occluding junctions do?
Seals intracellular space.
Maintains integrity of epithelial layer
what do gap junctions allow?
Cell - cell communication
what does microvilli do?
Increase surface area.
what is the basement membrane made off?
basal lamina
reticular lamina
what is simple epithelia ?
one layer of epithelial cells - can be different types tho
What does a squamous cell look like
bit like a smooth muscle cell - long n thin
what is stratishpied epithelia?
multiple layers of epithelial tissue
Where and simple squamous cells found?
Alveoli and capillaries - thin to allow for easy diffusion
where is simple cuboidal epithelia found?
lining of nephrons - performs secretion and absorption / pumping
Where is simple columnar epithelia found?
lines the digestive tract. Can be ciliated to move mucus
where is stratified squamous epithelia found?
epidermis - thick - layers broken off for new growth
where is stratisphied cuboidal epithelial found?
Ducts of sweat glands - production
where is stratisphied columnar epithelia found?
pharynx - protection and secretion
what is psuedostratisfied columnar epithelia?
all same layer but slightly overlapping - found in the trachea
Describe the epithelial compartments of the liver.
Hepatocytes arranged int rows between blood vessels .
Do secretion and other shit
Support epithelial cells line blood vessels and bile ducts
describe the epithelial compartments of the kidneys
epithelial cells arranged into nephrons
filter blood and absorb filtrate etc.
support cells line blood vessels and renal pelvis which receives toxic urine
what are some consequences of abnormal function of covering and lining or epithelia ?
under/over proliferation
over / under secretion
loss of ciliary beat
what is a gland?
a collection of multi or single cellular secretory epithelial cells
what does the endocrine gland do?
secretes into blood . eg. adrenal cortex
what does an exocrine gland do?
secrete to surface -e.g sweat gland
what is a circular simple gland called?
acinar
what is a simple long gland called ?
tubular
what is a compound gland called?
tubuloacinar gland
what are the consequences of abnormal glandular function?
over production - pituarity giantism
under production - pituitary dwarfism
name 2 fibre connective tissues
collagen
elastic fibres
give some description of collagen
30% of body weight
flexible but inelastic with great tensile strength
given some description of elastic fibres
protein elastin - can strength to 1.5x its original length and returns to it’s original shape. Yellow, found in sheets/ Microfibrils and amorphous content
name 3 ground substance connective tissue
proteoglycans
hyaluronic acid
glycoproteins
is tissue fluid epithelial tissue or connective tissue?
connectivee
describe loose connective tissue
fixed cells - fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, mast cells
transient cells - white blood cells
what happens if the blood/bone marrow has abnormal function ?
leukemia
what happens if loose/dense connective tissue has abnormal function?
loss/abnormal fibres
what happens if cartilage connective tissue has an abnormal function?
tear
what happens if bone has an abnormal function?
osteoporosis
