Imaging Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

what is an x-ray?

A

A electromagnetic packet of energy with an extremely short wavelength (0.1 - 10 nanometers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the process of X-ray production and image capture.

A
  • electron gun fires high energy electrons at a heavy atomic material (usually tungsten).
  • collision creates ‘breaking radiation’ = X-rays
  • directed at target being photographed
  • bone absorbs rays - others hit imaging film behind
  • emulsion contains silver halide - forms clumps on films upon exposure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why do different things appear different on X-rays?

A
  • tissues absorb different amounts of radiation.

least absorption to most -
Air < fat < muscle < bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does an ultrasound work?

A

fires sonic waves (sound waves)

frequency - 2-18 megahertz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can an ultrasound scan?

A

soft tissue - muscles, tendons, monitors embryonic development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the strengths and weaknesses of ultrasound?

A

strengths - inexpensive, portable , no long term side effects
weaknesses - has trouble penetration bone& scanning gas pockets, operator dependant,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a CT scan?

A

series of 2D x-ray images around an axis of rotation, to create a 3D image.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the strength and weaknesses of CT?

A

Strengths - can see lots of different planes
can differentiate between tissues of similar density

Weaknesses - reactions to contrast dye.
cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is fluoroscopy?

A

real time moving images of internal patient

xray source , fluorescent screen behind patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the strengths and weaknesses of fluoroscopy?

A

strengths - moving objections

weaknesses - patient exposed to ionising radiation and X-rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe iodinated contrast media.

A

IV radiocontrast containing Iodine
Enhances visibility.
is nephrotoxic - can result in kidney failure.
Extra fluids must be administered after to ‘flush’ system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly