Proteins Flashcards
describe the basic structure of an amino acid.
carbon, amine group (NH), carboxylic acid group (COOH), varying side chain
Name 4 basic categories of amino acids
Acid, Basic, Uncharged Polar, Non - Polar
Name 2 acidic amino acids.
will have carboxylic acid group
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
Name some basic amino acids
Will have NH3.
lysine, arginine, histidine
Name some uncharged polar amino acids.
Will have OH or something Glutamine Serine Threonine Tyrosine Asparagine
Name some non - polar amino acids
glycine, alanine, methionine, cysteine, valine, proline, phenalynine, tryptonphan, leuchine etc.
what is a proteins primary structure?
Amino acids joined by peptide bonds. condensation reaction - H20 lost.
What is a proteins secondary structure?
The spatial arrangement of amino acid residues that are near each other in the linear sequence.
Alpha helixes- H bonds NH group and C=O group of next amino acid.
Beta Sheet. - pleated structure. beta strands (3-10 amino acids) connected by hydrogen bonds
What is a proteins tertiary structure?
The spatial arrangement of amino acid residues that are far apart in the linear sequence. Due to:
Van der waals
Ionic Interactions (strong bond between opposite charges)
Hydrogen bonding (H - O, N, F)
Disulphide bridges - strong covalent bond
Hydrophobic interactions
What is a proteins quartanery structure?
Multisubunit protein, e.g haemoglobin.
What is meant by protein denaturing?
Disruption / destruction of secondary and tertiary structure by things such as heat, solvent, acid etc.
How can denaturation effect a protein?
Could effect solubility
Loose activity
Improve digestibility etc.
What are glycoproteins? give an example.
e.g immunoglobins
Protein +carb
Formed by glycolysation
(can look to detect diabetes)
what is a lipoprotein?
Protein and lipid. Transports insoluble fat and cholesterol in blood
What are metalloproteins?
proteins and metal - 1/3 of proteins require metal to work.
