Tissues 4-5 Flashcards
Where are laminins found?e
ECM (basement membrane)
What is the function of laminin?
Interact with cell surface receptors such as integrin.
What is the structure of laminin?
Three chains, alpha, beta and gamma.
What is a disorder associated laminin?
Congenital muscular dystrophy. Absence of alpha-2 chain of laminin 2 results in weakness, hypotonia and joint deformities.
What is the function of fibronectins?
Regulate cell adhesion and migration in embryogenesis and tissue repair. Important for wound healing and clotting.
What are two examples of proteoglycans?
Hyaluronan and decorin.
What is hyaline cartilage?
The most abundant form of cartilage, rich in aggrecan which cushions the ends of long bones by drawing in water to cells due to multiple negative charges.
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
Nose, larynx (voice box), trachea, bronchi, ventral ends of the ribs and auricular ends of the long bones.
What are the three types of extracellular fluid?
Interstitial fluid, blood plasma and transcelluar fluid (CSF, ocular and synovial fluid)
What is osmolarity?
A measure of concentration of all solute particles in a solution.
What happens if the difference in solutes inside and outside a cell are too large?
Cause cell damage, may even lead to rupture (osmotic shock).
How is osmotic shock preventing in the human body?
Sodium pumps
What is tonicity?
Strength of a solution depending on both membrane permeability and solution composition.
What is transcytosis?
Movement of large and charged molecules across a cellular barrier by encapsulating them in membrane.
What temperature do the sodium pumps stop working?
15 degrees
What is the Wisconsin solution?
A solution used to perfuse donated organs in order to prevent deterioration. No sodium or chloride to prevent oedema. Lactobinate and raffinose sugar. Starch to prevent oedema.
How much fluid do we lose a day through leaky capillaries?
8L
If hydrostatic pressure is higher than oncotic pressure…
Fluid will leak out
Why does a high blood pressure increase fluid leakage?
The high pressure opens up the pores so they are larger, allowing more fluid to leak out of them into the interstitial space.
Where is excess fluid replaced back into the blood stream?
Inferior vena cava
