TISSUES Flashcards
1
Q
A group of similar cells with similar structure
A
Tissue
2
Q
The microscopic study of tissue structure
A
Histology
3
Q
Four Basic Types of Tissues
A
Epithelium
Connective
Nervous
Muscle
4
Q
Covers and protect surfaces, both outside and inside of the body
A
Epithelium
5
Q
Tissue type that makes up the part of every organ in the body
A
Connective
6
Q
Makes movement possible by contracting or shortening
A
Muscle
7
Q
Responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities
A
Nervous tissue
8
Q
Exposed and not attached to other cells
A
Free/Apical Surface
9
Q
Surface between epithelial cells
A
Lateral Surface
10
Q
Cells attached to other epithelial cells
A
Lateral Surface
11
Q
Attaches cells to the epithelial tissues
A
Basal Surface
12
Q
Surface that is located at the base of the tissue
A
Basal Surface
13
Q
Helps attach cells to the underlying tissues; Act as filter and barrier
A
Basement Membrane
14
Q
Functions of Epithelial Tissue
A
Protects
Barrier
Diffusion and Filtration
Secretion
Absorption
15
Q
Opening of glands where secretion pass through
A
Ducts
16
Q
Classification according to the number of cells
A
Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified
17
Q
Single layer of cells
A
Simple Epithelium
18
Q
More than one layer / multiple layers
A
Stratified Epithelium
19
Q
Epithelium that appears to be stratified but is not.
A
Pseudostratified Epithelium
20
Q
Modification of stratified epithelium that can be greatly stretched / STRETCHABLE
A
Transitional
21
Q
Shape of cells
A
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
22
Q
Flat or scale like cells
A
Squamous
23
Q
Cube like shape cells
A
Cuboidal
24
Q
Tall and thin
A
Columnar
25
Composed of dead cells containg protein keratin, durable, moisture resistant, dry character
Keratinized
26
In the deepest, outermost layers, moist
Non-Keratinized
27
Specialized mucus producing cells
Goblet cells
28
1 layer of flat like cells
Simple Squamous
29
1 layer of cube like cells
Simple cuboidal
30
1 layer of tall, narrow cells
Simple columnar
31
1 layer of tall, narrow cells, appears stratified but it not
Pseudostratified columnar
32
Clear, thick fluid that protects the lining of the intestines
Mucus
33
Propels materials or debris
Cilia
34
What epithelium can be found in the lining of stomach and intestines
Simple Columnar Epithelium
35
What epithelium can be found in ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra?
Transitional Epithelium
36
Inrease cell's surface area
Microvilli
37
Move material across the cell's surface
Cilia
38
Produce mucus
Golblet cells
39
What are the cell connections
Tight junctions
Gap junctions
Desmosomes
Hemidesmosomes
40
Bind adjacent cell together
Tight Junctions
41
Mechanical links that bind cells
Desmosomes
42
Bind cells to the basement membrane
Hemidesmosomes
43
Allow small molecules and ions to pass
Gap junctions
44
Structures that secrete substances onto a surface
Glands
45
Secretory organs
Glands
46
2 Types of Glands
Endocrine glands
Exocrine glands
47
Glands without ducts
Endocrine glands
48
Glands with ducts; sweat or oil organs
Exocrine glands
49
Have a single, non-branched duct
Simple glands
50
Have a multiple, branched duct
Compound glands
51
Glands share as tubules
Tubular
52
Sac like structures
Alveolar or Acinar
53
Mode of Secretion
Merocine
Apocrine
Holocrine
54
Distinguished by large amounts of extracellular matrix
Connective tissue
55
Forms the matrix
Blast
56
Breaks down the matrix
Clast
57
Maintains the the matrix
Cytes
58
It forms bone
Osteoblasts
59
Contains large amount of lipids
Adipocytes
60
White blood cells that move about and ingest foreign substances
Macrophages
61
Means to eat
Phago
62
Play an important role in inflammation ; release histamine
Mast cells
63
Have the potential to differentiate to form adult cell types
Mesenchymal cells
64
3 extracellular matrix components
Protein fibers
Ground substance
Fluid
65
3 types of protein fibers
Collagen fibers
Reticular fibers
Elastic fibers
66
3 major component of ground substance
Hyaluronic acid
Proteoglycan aggregates
Adhesive molecules
67
Makes fluid slippery
Hyaluronic acid
68
Trap water which gives tissues the capacity to recoil when deformed
Proteolglycan aggregates
69
Hold proteoglycans together and to plasma membrane
Adhesive molecules
70
The matrix liquid that enables blood flow rapidly through the body
Fluid
71
Very flexible but resist stretching
Collagen Fibers
72
Very fine, short collagen fibers that branch to form supporting network
Reticular fibers
73
Have the ability to return to its original shape after being stretched
Elastic fiber
74
Consist of non fibrous molecules
Ground substances
75
Functions of connective tissue
Enclose and separate
Connect
Support and move parts
Store compounds
Cushion and insulate
Transport
Protect
76
Composed of chondrocytes ( cartilage cells )
Cartilage
77
3 supporting tissue : cartilage
Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
Elastic
78
Covers the ends of the bones; can withstand repeated compression
Hyaline
79
More collagen, able to resist pulling or tearing; found in disks between vertebrae and some joints (knee and jaw)
Fibrocartilage
80
Contains elastic fibers; able to recoil to its original
Elastic
81
Hard connective tissue that consists of living cells and mineralized matrix
Bone
82
Located witihin the lacunae
Osteocytes
83
The matrix of bone is organized into layers is
Lamellae
84
2 types of bone
Compact bone
Spongy bone
85
More solid, no space between thin layers of mineralized matrix
Compact bone
86
Has spaces between trabeculae of bone
Spongy bone
87
Composed of formed elements and a fluid matrix
Blood
88
2 Fluid Connective Tissue
Blood
Homopoietic tissue
89
Composed of red and yellow marrow
Homopoietic tissue
90
Location of blood
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
91
Main function is to contract, shorten, or making movement possible
Muscle tissue
92
3 types of muscle tissue
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
93
Muscle cells are also called as
Muscle fibers
94
Conduct action potentials (electric signals) ; located in the brain, spinal cord
Nervous tissue
95
It is the nerve cells
Neurons
96
Transmit information
Neurons
97
Three major parts of neurons
Cell body
Dendrites
Axon
98
Cellular products that are called hormones
Endocrine
99
Contains few protein fibers and has numerous spaces
Loose connective tissue
100
Has relative large amount of protein fibers
Dense Connective Tissue
101
Consists of adipocytes or fat cells
Adipose
102
Collagen running in same direction
Regular collagenous
103
Collagen running in several direction
Irregular Collagenous
104
Matrix composed of collagen fibers and elastin fibers running in same direction
Regular Elastic
105
Matrix composed of collagen fibers and elastin fibers running in several direction
Irregular Elastic
106
Provide support, flexibility, and strength
Cartilage
107
Liquid connective tissue
Blood
108
What are the three major blood cells in our body?
Red Blood Cells / Erythrocytes
White Blood Cells / Leukocytes
Platelets / Thrombocytes
109
Blood that is oxygen carrier
Red blood cells
110
Blood that is part of the immune system
White blood cells
111
Blood clotting
Platelets
112
A thin sheet or layer of tissue that covers a structure or lines a cavity
Tissue membranes
113
The body is composed four membranes
One internal
Theee external
