MUSCULAR part 2 Flashcards
Muscle connected to the bone
Tendon
Broad, sheet-like tendons
Aponeuroses
Band of connective tissue that holds down the tendons at each wrist and ankle
Retinaculum
Head; most stationary end of the muscle
Origin
End of the muscle attached to the bone with greatest movement
Insertion
Between the origin and insertion
Belly
Muscle causing specific/certain movement
Agonist
Muscles causing OPPOSITE movement
Antagonist
Muscle working together
Synergist
A muscle that plays the major role in accomplishing desired movement
Prime mover
Muscles that hold one bone in place relatively to the body
Fixators
Arranged in a circle around an opening; act as sphincters
Circular
Broadly distributed fascicles CONVERGE at a single tendon
Convergent
lie PARALLEL TO ONE ANOTHER and to the long axis of muscle
Parallel
A pattern of pennate; fascicles are ONLY at the ONE side of tendon
Unipennate
A pattern of pennate; fascicles are on the BOTH SIDES of the tendon
Bipennate
A pattern of pennate; fascicles ARRANGED IN MANY PLACED around the central tendons
Multipennate
Lie parallel to the long axis of muscle; belly of muscle is larger in diameter than ends
Fusiform
Muscles of head and neck includes:
Facial Expression
Mastication
Movement of tongue
Swallowing
Flattens cheek
Buccinator
Depresses mouth angle
Depressor anguli oris
Elevates upper lip
Levator labii superioris
Elevated eyebrow
Occipitofrontalis
Closes eye / encircle the eyes
Orbicularis oculi
Closes lip / encircles mouth
Orbicularis oris
2 Elevates and abducts upper lip
Involves some of the strongest muscles in the body
Mastication
Elevates and retracts mandible
Temporalis
Elevates and protracts mandible
Masseter
Protacts and depresses mandible
Lateral Pterygoid
Protacts and elevates mandible
Medial Pterygoid
Changes shape of tongue
Intrinsic
Moves tongue
Extrinsic
Changes shape in tongue
Intrinsic
Moves tongue
Extrinsic
Elevate hyoid
Suprahyoid
Depresses hyoid
Infrahyoid
Hold the hyoid bone; rlevate the larynx
Hyoid muscle
Muscle for chewing
Mastication
Fan shaped muscle
Temporalis
Kissing muscle
Buccinator
Raises the eyeborws
Occipitofrontalis
Frowning or pouting
Depressor anguli oris
Seen and felt to the hand
Masseter
Moves soft palate, tongue and pharynx
Soft palate
Elevate the pharynx
Pharyngeal elevators
Constrict the pharynx from superior to inferior
Pharyngeal constrictors
Rotate head
Sternocleidomastoid
Extend and laterally flexes neck
Trapezius
Prayer muscle
Sternocleidomastoid
Muscles that move the vertebral column, thorax, abdominal wall, and the pelvic floor
Trunk muscle
Elevate ribs, inspiration
External intercoastal
Depress ribs
Internal intercoastals
Extends vertebral column
Erector spinae
Depress floor of thorax
Diaphragm
Most superficial muscle of abdomen, flex vertebral column
Rectus abdominis