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Human Anatomy > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of tissues?

A
  • Connective
  • Epithelial
  • Muscles
  • Nervous
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2
Q

Epithelial

A

covers body, lines cavity

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3
Q

Connective

A

supports, protects, binds

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4
Q

Nervous

A

transmits information

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5
Q

Muscle

A

contracts to cause movements

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6
Q

What are the 2 types of epithelial tissue?

A

1) covering and lining (skin and lining open cavities)

2) Glandular (forming glands for secretion)

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of epithelial tissue?

A
  • cellularity
  • specialized contacts
  • polarity: apical and basal
  • support by connective tissue
  • avascular but innervated
  • regeneration
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8
Q

Classification of epithelia is based on two features, what are they?

A

1) number of layers
- simple: single for secretion and absorption
- stratified: many for protection
2) cell shape
- squamous
- cuboidal
- columnar

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9
Q

Simple squamous epithelium

A

examples: lungs, blood vessels, kidneys
Function: absorption and secretion

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10
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Examples: glands, ducts, kidney tubules
Function: absorption, secretion, limited protection

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11
Q

simple columnar epithelium

A

Ex: digestive tract, uterine tubes
Function: absorption, secretion, protection

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12
Q

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

example: trachea, sperm ducts
Function: secretion

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13
Q

Stratified squamous epi

A

examples: mouth, skin, throat, vagina
Function: protection

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14
Q

Transitional epi

A

example: bladder, ureters
Function: expand, recoil

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15
Q

Epithelia can also be glands. What are the two types?

A

1) Endocrine (secrete directly into interstitial fluid)

2) Exocrine ( secrete to body surface or cavity)

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16
Q

Connective Tissue (CT) is what

A
  • supports, binds, and protects, insulates, transports

- is the most diverse, widely distributed and abundant

17
Q

What are the characteristics of CT?

A

1) few cells
2) extracellular matrix
3) Embryonic origin from mesenchyme

18
Q

All CT have three components, what are they?

A

1) Cells (macrophages, mast)
2) Fibers (collagen, elastic, reticular)
3) Ground substance

19
Q

What are the 4 classes of connective tissue?

A
  1. connective tissue proper
  2. Cartilage
  3. Bone
  4. Blood
20
Q

Areolar Connective tissue Proper

A

Loose: “packaging material”
what: cell variety, collagen/elastic fibers
Fxn: wrap and cushion organs
Where: around organs, under skin

21
Q

Adipose (fat) Connective tissue Proper

A

Loose: “packaging material”
what: adipocytes
Fxn: energy, insulate, cushion
Where: under skin, abdomen, breast

22
Q

Irregular CT Proper

A

Dense: collagen fibers that bind
what: collagen fibers in no pattern, fibroblast
Fxn: tension in all directions, strength
where: capsules of joints, skin

23
Q

Regular CT Proper

A

Dense: collagen fibers that bind
what: collagen fibers in parallel, fibroblast
Fxn: attachment, the tension in one direction
where: tendons and ligaments

24
Q

Cartilage

A

what: chondrocytes in water, collagen fibers, avascular
fxn: supports and resists compression

25
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Fxn: stiff support
Where: rib ends, bone surface, trachea, nose

26
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

Fxn: flexible support
Where: ear, larynx

27
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Fxn: resist compression
Where: knee, intervertebral disc, pelvis

28
Q

Bone (osseous tissue)

A

What: osteocytes , collagen fibers, calcium salts, vascular
Fxn: supports and protects
Where: bones

29
Q

Blood

A

What: blood cells in plasma
Fxn: transports
Where: blood vessels

30
Q

what are the three common components in blood?

A
  1. Ground substance: plasma

2. Fibers: proteins in plasma 3. Cells: red and white blood cells

31
Q

Epithelial tissue and CT proper combined to make what?

A

a membrane

32
Q

membranes are

A
  • two tissue types so they are organs

- body linings or coverings

33
Q

what are the 4 types of membranes

A
  1. Cutaneous
  2. Mucous
  3. Serous
34
Q

Mucous Membranes

A

line body cavities open to exterior and can secrete mucous to help pass substances

35
Q

Serous Membranes

A

line body cavities closed to exterior and secrete fluid to help reduce friction

Human Anatomy (8 decks)

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