Integumentary System

Question 1

Integumentary system consists of these components

Answer 1

1. skin

2. skin appendages

Question 2

Components of the

Integumentary system

Answer 2

1. layers (skins)

2. hair, sweat and oil glands, nails (skin appendages)

Question 3

Functions of the Integumentary system

Answer 3

1. Protection
2. Body temperature regulation
3. Excretion
4. Production of vitamin D
5. Sensory reception

Question 4

Skin has two layers what are they?

Answer 4

1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
   - Hypodermis (subcutaneous)

Question 5

Epidermis

Answer 5

• Stratified squamous epithelium
• 4-5 layers
• 4 cells types

Question 6

What are the four cell types?

Answer 6

1. Keratinocytes: keratin, protection
2. Melanocytes: melanin, color
3. Dendritic cells: immunity
4. Tactile (Merkel) cells: touch

Question 7

Epidermis layers

Answer 7

stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

Question 8

Dermis has two regions what are they?

Answer 8

1. Papillary dermis w/papillae

2. Reticular dermis

Question 9

Dense irregular CT

Answer 9

• Collagen and elastic fibers
• Stretch marks
• Cleavage lines

Question 10

What are the other components of the dermis?

Answer 10

• oil and sweat glands
• hair follicles
• blood vessels: nourishment
• nerve cells: sensation

Question 11

the hypodermis is where

Answer 11

below the skin

• (subcutaneous layer)
• adipose fat tissue
• loose connective tissue: elastic & collagen fibers
• blood vessels

Question 12

skin color is determined by 3 pigments, what are they?

Answer 12

1. melanin
2. carotene
3. hemoglobin

Question 13

Integumentary system also includes

Answer 13

-skin appendages (nails, hair and hair follicles, sweat glands and oil glands)

Question 14

What is the structure of the nail?

Answer 14

• scale like modification of epidermis
• hard keratin
• distal part of finger or toe
• matrix: growth

Question 15

what is the function of the nail?

Answer 15

-“tool”

Question 16

what is the structure of the hair(pili) ?

Answer 16

• columns of dead keratinized cells

- widely distributed

Question 17

What is the function of the hair?

Answer 17

• protection

- detect touch

Question 18

Hair follicle

Answer 18

• hair root: hair in the follicle (in skin)
• hair shaft: hair remains
• hair bulb with matrix–> new hair
• arrector pili: smooth muscle

Question 19

what are the glands in your skin?

Answer 19

• epithelial tissue: glandular

- exocrine glands: secrete to the surface

Question 20

Sebaceous (oil) glands

Answer 20

• Everywhere except palms and soles
• Secrete sebum into hair follicle or skin pore
• Fxn: Inhibit bacteria, moisten skin and hair

Question 21

what are the two types of Sweat (sudoriferous) glands?

Answer 21

1. eccrine (secret true sweat)
   fxn: thermoregulation
2. Apocrine (secrete sweat + fat + proteins)
   fxn: puberty, sexual scents

Question 22

What causes burns?

Answer 22

-heat
-chemicals
and lead to cell death

Question 23

what are the effects of burns?

Answer 23

• body fluid loss

- sepsis

Question 24

What are the degrees of burns?

Answer 24

First: epidermis

second: dermis
third: all three layers

Question 25

What is skin cancer?

Answer 25

cancer: uncontrolled cell growth

Question 26

What is the risk of skin cancer?

Answer 26

overexposure to UV rays, lack of melanin

Question 27

How does it damage your skin?

Answer 27

it damages DNA in skin cells

Question 28

How can you reduce the risk of skin cancer?

Answer 28

• avoid high intensity sunlight

- use sunscreen/block