Integumentary System Flashcards
Integumentary system consists of these components
- skin
2. skin appendages
Components of the
Integumentary system
- layers (skins)
2. hair, sweat and oil glands, nails (skin appendages)
Functions of the Integumentary system
- Protection
- Body temperature regulation
- Excretion
- Production of vitamin D
- Sensory reception
Skin has two layers what are they?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Hypodermis (subcutaneous)
Epidermis
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- 4-5 layers
- 4 cells types
What are the four cell types?
- Keratinocytes: keratin, protection
- Melanocytes: melanin, color
- Dendritic cells: immunity
- Tactile (Merkel) cells: touch
Epidermis layers
stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
Dermis has two regions what are they?
- Papillary dermis w/papillae
2. Reticular dermis
Dense irregular CT
- Collagen and elastic fibers
- Stretch marks
- Cleavage lines
What are the other components of the dermis?
- oil and sweat glands
- hair follicles
- blood vessels: nourishment
- nerve cells: sensation
the hypodermis is where
below the skin
- (subcutaneous layer)
- adipose fat tissue
- loose connective tissue: elastic & collagen fibers
- blood vessels
skin color is determined by 3 pigments, what are they?
- melanin
- carotene
- hemoglobin
Integumentary system also includes
-skin appendages (nails, hair and hair follicles, sweat glands and oil glands)
What is the structure of the nail?
- scale like modification of epidermis
- hard keratin
- distal part of finger or toe
- matrix: growth
what is the function of the nail?
-“tool”
what is the structure of the hair(pili) ?
- columns of dead keratinized cells
- widely distributed
What is the function of the hair?
- protection
- detect touch
Hair follicle
- hair root: hair in the follicle (in skin)
- hair shaft: hair remains
- hair bulb with matrix–> new hair
- arrector pili: smooth muscle
what are the glands in your skin?
- epithelial tissue: glandular
- exocrine glands: secrete to the surface
Sebaceous (oil) glands
- Everywhere except palms and soles
- Secrete sebum into hair follicle or skin pore
- Fxn: Inhibit bacteria, moisten skin and hair
what are the two types of Sweat (sudoriferous) glands?
- eccrine (secret true sweat)
fxn: thermoregulation - Apocrine (secrete sweat + fat + proteins)
fxn: puberty, sexual scents
What causes burns?
-heat
-chemicals
and lead to cell death
what are the effects of burns?
- body fluid loss
- sepsis
What are the degrees of burns?
First: epidermis
second: dermis
third: all three layers
