Skeletal System 1 Flashcards
Function of Bones
- Support
- Movement
- Protection
- Mineral Storage
- Blood cell formation & energy storage
- energy metabolism
Collagen fibers
-flexible
Calcium phosphate salts
hard
osteoprogenitor cells
stem cell, produce osteoblast
Osteoblasts
immature, produce new bone
Osteocytes
mature, maintain matrix
Osteoclast
break down bone
Bone can be classified by shape
- long
- short
- flat
- irregular
the structural of a long bone includes
- epiphysis
- diaphysis
- bone marrow
- periosteum
Epiphysis
ends with articular (hyaline) cartilage
diaphysis
shaft
periosteum
membrane
What are the two types of bone
- compact bone
- spongy bone
Compact bone is
- dense and smooth
- osteons
Spongy bone is
- porous
- trabeculae
Structural and functional unit of compact bone
Osteons
An osteon consists of
- osteocytes
- lamella
- lacuna
- canaliculi
- central canal
- perforating canals
What is the process of forming bone?
Osteogenesis or ossification
what are the two types of ossification
- intramembranous and endochondral
Intramembranous ossification is
forms skull bones and clavicle without using cartilage
Endochondral ossification is
formation of all other bones from hyaline cartilage
What are epiphyseal plates?
They allow for rapid bone growth
- cartilage between epiphysis and diaphysis
- epiphyseal line in adults
Active bone must have a balance of what
- bone resorption
2. bone deposit
bone resorption
osteoclasts destroy bone
bone deposit
osteoblast, for injury, strength
What are fractures?
breaks in the bone that can be repaired by reduction
Reduction is realignment of bone ends
What is osteoporosis?
is a porous bone with low mass
