Muscle System

Question 1

what are the properties of muscle tissue?

Answer 1

• contractility
• excitability
• extensibility
• elasticity

Question 2

what are the functions of muscle tissue?

Answer 2

• produce movement
• open and close body passageways
• maintain posture and stabilize joints
• generate heat

Question 3

what are the types of muscle tissue?

Answer 3

-skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 4

where is the skeletal muscle located?

Answer 4

they are attached to the bone sometimes skin

Question 5

what is the function of the skeletal muscle?

Answer 5

movement of skeleton

voluntary and striated

Question 6

where is the cardiac muscle located

Answer 6

wall of the heart

Question 7

what is the function of the cardiac muscle?

Answer 7

to circulate blood

involuntary

Question 8

where is the location of the smooth muscle?

Answer 8

in the wall of hollow organs (ie. stomach, bladder, blood vessels)

Question 9

What is the function of the smooth muscle?

Answer 9

moves substances (involuntary and nonstriated)

Question 10

what are the gross structures of a muscle?

Answer 10

coverings of connective tissue to hold muscle together

Question 11

what wraps a muscle?

Answer 11

the epimysium

Question 12

what wraps a fascicle?

Answer 12

perimysium

Question 13

what wraps a fiber (cell)?

Answer 13

endomysium

Question 14

what are tendons?

Answer 14

muscle to bone attachment

Question 15

what is aponeuroses

Answer 15

broad, muscle to muscle or bone attachment

Question 16

what is the fascia?

Answer 16

connective tissue surrounding muscles

Question 17

what are the microscopic structures of skeletal muscles?

Answer 17

muscle fiber: a muscle cell which contains

sarcolemma: plasma membrane
sarcoplasm: cytoplasm of the muscle

Question 18

what are myofibrils?

Answer 18

rod-shape structures

Question 19

What are sarcomere?

Answer 19

myofilaments (z-disc)

the functional unit of contraction to Z to Z line) which includes 2 types of myofilaments

Question 20

What are the two types of myofilaments?

Answer 20

• thick (myosin protein)

- thin filaments (actin protein)

Question 21

Fibers are striated because of

Answer 21

A band (dArk): thick overlapping with think filaments 
I band (lIght): only thin filaments

Question 22

Fibers include two set of tubules to help contraction

Answer 22

t-tubules: conduct nerve impulses to SR
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR): store and release calcium

Question 23

What are the 2 mechanisms of contraction for skeletal muscles?

Answer 23

• eccentric contraction generates a force while lengthening

- concentric contraction generates a force while shortening

Question 24

what is sliding filament mechanism?

Answer 24

it is what happens when concentric contraction shortens

thin filaments slide past thick filaments

Question 25

how do you control muscle contraction?

Answer 25

nervous system (neuron)
muscular system

Question 26

What do motor neurons do?

Answer 26

innervate skeletal fibers at the neuromuscular junction

Question 27

what is a motor unit?

Answer 27

is one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates and controls

Question 28

skeletal muscle fibers can be

Answer 28

fast glycolic fibers

• anaerobic (no oxygen)
• ATP: use quickly
• fast contraction
• white fibers

and
slow oxidative fibers
-ATP: use slowly
-aerobic (oxygen)

Question 29

what are muscle disorder?

Answer 29

muscular dystrophy destroys muscle tissue

Question 30

Myoblasts

Answer 30

fuse to form muscle tissue

Question 31

Anabolic steriods

Answer 31

are drugs that increase muscle mass and strength