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Kinesio > Tissue Mechanics Muscles > Flashcards

Tissue Mechanics Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is strength equal to

A

Torque

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2
Q

Strength is the ability to what

A

Create torque

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3
Q

Strength equation

A

Muscle force*Moment arm

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4
Q

What are factors that alter force generation (5)

A
  1. Length of muscle
  2. Velocity of contraction
  3. Fiber orientation
  4. Cross sectional area
  5. Fiber type
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5
Q

True or False:

All muscles in the body contain each type of fiber just in varying amounts

A

True

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6
Q

What are the 3 types of fibers

A
  1. Type I
  2. Type IIa
  3. Type IIb
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7
Q

What are type I fibers

A

Slow twitch oxidative

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8
Q

What are characteristics of type I fibers (5)

A
  1. Small diameter
  2. Red
  3. Dense capillaries
  4. Slow contraction
  5. Slow to fatigue
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9
Q

What are muscles with predominantly type I fibers called (3)

A

Stability, postural, and tonic muscles

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10
Q

What are type IIa fibers

A

Fast twitch oxidative glycolytic

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11
Q

Characteristics of type IIa fibers (3)

A
  1. Intermediate diameter
  2. Fast contraction
  3. Intermediate fatigue
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12
Q

What are type IIb fibers

A

Fast twitch glycolytic

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13
Q

Characteristics of type IIb fibers (5)

A
  1. Large diameter
  2. White
  3. Sparse capillarity
  4. Fast contraction
  5. Fast to fatigue
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14
Q

What are muscles with predominantly type IIb fibers called (3)

A

Mobility, non-postural, and phasic muscles

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15
Q

What covers the whole muscle

A

Epimysium

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16
Q

What surround a fassicle

A

Perimysium

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17
Q

What covers individual muscle cells

A

Endomysium

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18
Q

What are the mysiums considered

A

Inert soft tissue

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19
Q

What does inert mean

A

They don’t contract

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20
Q

What is the contractile element

A

Contractile proteins (actin and myosin)

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21
Q

What is the parallel elastic component

22
Q

What is the series elastic component

23
Q

What does go on slack mean

A

Tissue bunches up

24
Q

What do the PEC provide muscles

A

A safety net

25
Q

As the muscle gets shorter what happens to tension

A

It decreases

26
Q

What is active insufficiency

A

Agonist is too short to produce effective tension thus no ROM

27
Q

True or False:

Active and passive insufficiency applies to bi or multi-articulate muscles

28
Q

What is passive insufficiency

A

Antagonist is stretched and too long to allow any further motion

29
Q

How do you determine if it is passive insufficiency

A

Passively move limb and if no more motion occurs

30
Q

How do you determine if it is active insufficiency

A

Passively move limb and if more motion occurs

31
Q

What does torque equal

A

Muscle force*Moment arm

32
Q

What has a greater torque bigger or smaller cross sectional area

33
Q

When does cross sectional area increase

34
Q

When does cross sectional area start to decrease

35
Q

Where can the maximal strength be achieved

36
Q

At age 65 what percent of muscle strength do people have compared to when they were 20

37
Q

Where does loss of strength occur more in the legs or arms

38
Q

True or False:

Males tend to be stronger than females

39
Q

What is the speed of shortening of myofilaments

A

Rate at which myofilaments are able to slide past one another and reform cross bridge

40
Q

How do you generate greater force during concentric contractions

A

Slower contraction

41
Q

How do you generate greater force during eccentric contraction

A

Faster contraction

42
Q

Force generated is a function of what

A

The velocity of muscle contraction

43
Q

What is the order of force generation from weakest to strongest

A
  1. Concentric
  2. Isometric
  3. Eccentric
44
Q

Does the speed of eccentric contractions get faster in the positive or negative direction

45
Q

What does isometric contraction increases strength where

A

+/- 10 degrees

46
Q

What are the types of isotonic contractions (3)

A
  1. Isometric
  2. Concentric
  3. Eccentric
47
Q

What are isokinetic contractions

A

Same speed of contraction

48
Q

What are the factors that effect force (5)

A
  1. Increase cross section
  2. Fiber type
  3. Length-Tension
  4. Velocity of contraction
  5. Elastic components
49
Q

What are the factors that effect moment arm (3)

A
  1. Deflection of tendon
  2. Changes in joint angle
  3. Size of person
50
Q

Good luck on the test!! Here is your motivation

A

Halloween you get to get drunk with your kiddo and have a good ass night

Kinesio (11 decks)

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