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Kinesio > Tissue Mechanics Muscles > Flashcards

Tissue Mechanics Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is strength equal to

A

Torque

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2
Q

Strength is the ability to what

A

Create torque

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3
Q

Strength equation

A

Muscle force*Moment arm

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4
Q

What are factors that alter force generation (5)

A
  1. Length of muscle
  2. Velocity of contraction
  3. Fiber orientation
  4. Cross sectional area
  5. Fiber type
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5
Q

True or False:

All muscles in the body contain each type of fiber just in varying amounts

A

True

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6
Q

What are the 3 types of fibers

A
  1. Type I
  2. Type IIa
  3. Type IIb
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7
Q

What are type I fibers

A

Slow twitch oxidative

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8
Q

What are characteristics of type I fibers (5)

A
  1. Small diameter
  2. Red
  3. Dense capillaries
  4. Slow contraction
  5. Slow to fatigue
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9
Q

What are muscles with predominantly type I fibers called (3)

A

Stability, postural, and tonic muscles

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10
Q

What are type IIa fibers

A

Fast twitch oxidative glycolytic

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11
Q

Characteristics of type IIa fibers (3)

A
  1. Intermediate diameter
  2. Fast contraction
  3. Intermediate fatigue
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12
Q

What are type IIb fibers

A

Fast twitch glycolytic

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13
Q

Characteristics of type IIb fibers (5)

A
  1. Large diameter
  2. White
  3. Sparse capillarity
  4. Fast contraction
  5. Fast to fatigue
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14
Q

What are muscles with predominantly type IIb fibers called (3)

A

Mobility, non-postural, and phasic muscles

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15
Q

What covers the whole muscle

A

Epimysium

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16
Q

What surround a fassicle

A

Perimysium

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17
Q

What covers individual muscle cells

A

Endomysium

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18
Q

What are the mysiums considered

A

Inert soft tissue

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19
Q

What does inert mean

A

They don’t contract

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20
Q

What is the contractile element

A

Contractile proteins (actin and myosin)

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21
Q

What is the parallel elastic component

22
Q

What is the series elastic component

23
Q

What does go on slack mean

A

Tissue bunches up

24
Q

What do the PEC provide muscles

A

A safety net

25
As the muscle gets shorter what happens to tension
It decreases
26
What is active insufficiency
Agonist is too short to produce effective tension thus no ROM
27
True or False: | Active and passive insufficiency applies to bi or multi-articulate muscles
True
28
What is passive insufficiency
Antagonist is stretched and too long to allow any further motion
29
How do you determine if it is passive insufficiency
Passively move limb and if no more motion occurs
30
How do you determine if it is active insufficiency
Passively move limb and if more motion occurs
31
What does torque equal
Muscle force*Moment arm
32
What has a greater torque bigger or smaller cross sectional area
Bigger
33
When does cross sectional area increase
0-20
34
When does cross sectional area start to decrease
30s
35
Where can the maximal strength be achieved
20-30
36
At age 65 what percent of muscle strength do people have compared to when they were 20
85%
37
Where does loss of strength occur more in the legs or arms
Legs
38
True or False: | Males tend to be stronger than females
True
39
What is the speed of shortening of myofilaments
Rate at which myofilaments are able to slide past one another and reform cross bridge
40
How do you generate greater force during concentric contractions
Slower contraction
41
How do you generate greater force during eccentric contraction
Faster contraction
42
Force generated is a function of what
The velocity of muscle contraction
43
What is the order of force generation from weakest to strongest
1. Concentric 2. Isometric 3. Eccentric
44
Does the speed of eccentric contractions get faster in the positive or negative direction
Positive
45
What does isometric contraction increases strength where
+/- 10 degrees
46
What are the types of isotonic contractions (3)
1. Isometric 2. Concentric 3. Eccentric
47
What are isokinetic contractions
Same speed of contraction
48
What are the factors that effect force (5)
1. Increase cross section 2. Fiber type 3. Length-Tension 4. Velocity of contraction 5. Elastic components
49
What are the factors that effect moment arm (3)
1. Deflection of tendon 2. Changes in joint angle 3. Size of person
50
Good luck on the test!! Here is your motivation
Halloween you get to get drunk with your kiddo and have a good ass night

Kinesio (11 decks)

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