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Fundamentals 1 Ati Flashcards > Tissue Integrity > Flashcards

Tissue Integrity Flashcards

1
Q

The Epidermis is made of what?

A

Squamous epithelial cells

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2
Q

What cells form the basal layer of the skin?

A

Keratinocytes

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3
Q

What cells located in the epidermis make melanin?

A

Melanocytes

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4
Q

What’s melanin?

A

A pigment that determines the color of the hair and skin

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5
Q

What skin cells absorb radiant energy from the sun and protects the skin from the sun’s harmful UV rays?

A

Melanocytes

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6
Q

What are Merkel cells?

A

Receptor cells that are specialized to detect light touch

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7
Q

What cells package and ingest foreign antigens to be presented to lymphocytes?

A

Langerhans cells

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8
Q

What do Langerhans cells play a role in?

A

Cutaneous immune system reactions

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9
Q

Cutaneous means?

A

Relating to the skin

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10
Q

What is the dermis layer of the skin composed of?

A

Composed primarily of connective tissues, but also has capillaries, blood vessels, and lymph vessels

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11
Q

What does the dermis provide?

A

Strength and flexibility of the skin

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12
Q

What layer of the skin assists in wound healing?

A

The dermis

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13
Q

The subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) is composed of what?

A

Adipose tissue

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14
Q

What does the subcutaneous layer does what?

A

Insulates the body, absorbs shock, and pads the internal organs + structures

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15
Q

Maceration meaning?

A

Irritation of the epidermis caused by moisture

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16
Q

Dermatitis meaning?

A

Red skin irritation that develops whenever the skin is exposed to irritants

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17
Q

What’s a skin tear?

A

Loss of the top layer of skin caused by mechanical forces and tissue trauma

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18
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

Infection of the upper layers of the skin

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19
Q

Do collagen and elastic fibers increase or decrease as you age?

A

Decrease

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20
Q

Erythema meaning

A

Redness of the skin due to dilation of blood vessels

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21
Q

Blanchable erythema meaning?

A

Reddened skin that temporarily turns white or pale when light pressure is added. Skin reddens against once pressure is released

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22
Q

Nonblanchable skin

A

Reddened skin that doesn’t turn pale or white when light pressure is applied

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23
Q

What does nonblanchable skin indicate?

A

Structural damage has occurred to the small vessels carrying blood to the underlying skin and tissues

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24
Q

Exudate

A

Fluid secreted by body during the inflammatory stage of healing. Made by plasma

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25
Q

Moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) is a type of what?

A

Dermatitis

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26
Q

How do chronic wounds develop?

A

They develop over time because of a disruption in the wound healing process or because of alterations in blood flow

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27
Q

A chronic wound is what kind of wound?

A

A non-healing wound

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28
Q

What does tunneling mean in skin terminology?

A

Narrow channel or passage extending in any direction from the base of the wound

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29
Q

Shearing meaning?

A

Force parallel to the surface of the skin

30
Q

What is it called whenever the skin and muscles are pulled in opposite directions?

A

Shear forces

31
Q

What is hypoperfusion?

A

Low oxygen levels due to poor blood circulation

32
Q

What scale is used to check someone’s risk for alterations in tissue integrity?

A

Braden scale

33
Q

Undermining meaning?

A

An open area extending under skin along the edge of a wound

34
Q

What does benchmarking mean?

A

Comparing results and outcomes to other sources of similarly retrieved data

35
Q

How many stages of pressure injury are there?

A

4

36
Q

What is the first stage of pressure injury?

A

Nonblanchable erythema

37
Q

What is the second stage of pressure injury?

A

Partial-thickness skin loss

38
Q

What is the third stage of pressure injury?

A

Full-thickness skin loss

39
Q

What is the fourth stage of pressure injury?

A

Full-thickness skin and tissue loss

40
Q

What is a unstageable pressure injury?

A

Obscured full-thickness skin and tissue loss injury

41
Q

Slough definition?

A

Yellow, stringy nonviable tissue found in the base of the wound

42
Q

Eschar definition?

A

Hard nonviable black/brown tissue found in the wound bed

43
Q

Deep tissue pressure injury (DTPI) meaning?

A

Persistent nonblanchable pressure injury that can appear as a maroon, deep red, or purple color

44
Q

What is a mucosal membrane pressure injury caused by?

A

The insertion or placement of a foreign device

45
Q

Debridement meaning?

A

Surgically removing dead tissue or other debris that can cause infection

46
Q

What is negative pressure injury therapy used to assist?

A

The healing and closing of large wounds by reducing edema around the wound and increasing granulation tissue formation

47
Q

Hematoma meaning?

A

Accumulation of blood in the body (blood pooling in tissues)

48
Q

Sedona meaning?

A

Accumulation of serous fluid

49
Q

What’s a Penrose drain?

A

A flat, pliable passive drain that uses gravity to drain accumulated fluids

50
Q

What’s a Portable Wound Bulb Suction Device?

A

An active, closed system drain that uses negative suction to drain fluid from the wound

51
Q

What’s Large Bottle Drainage?

A

If a large amount of fluid is expected, a higher-pressure, large bottle is used

52
Q

What’s a circular portable wound suction device?

A

A special type of wound drainage system that is designed to continuously suction drainage from a wound by providing a low vacuum pressure

53
Q

Vasoconstriction meaning?

A

Narrowing of blood vessels due to acute blood loss, pain, and/or low body temp

54
Q

How many types of wound healing are there?

A

3

55
Q

When does primary healing occur?

A

Occurs in clean lacerations and surgical incisions closed with skin adhesives or sutures

56
Q

What type of wound healing is fastest?

A

Primary healing

57
Q

When does secondary healing occur?

A

When the wound is left open to heal and granulation tissue forms from the bottom up in the wound bed

58
Q

When is delayed primary closure?

A

When the wound is left open for 5 to 10 days before it’s closed with sutures

59
Q

When should delayed primary closure be used and why?

A

To decrease the risk the risk of infection. Used when the site isn’t considered clean at the time the injury occurred

60
Q

What are some of the main essential nutrients for wound healing and tissue strengthening?

A

Protein, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and vitamins A and C

61
Q

If a wound infection is suspected, what do you do to figure out if it is or not?

A

You do a wound culture collection

62
Q

What kind of solution is used to rinse a wound when doing a wound culture inspection?

A

0.9% sodium solution

63
Q

Why is 0.9% sodium chloride used when collecting a wound culture?

A

To prevent normal skin micro-organisms from contaminating the culture

64
Q

Dehiscence meaning?

A

Complete/partial separation of the suture line and underlying tissues. Occurs when a wound fails to heal properly

65
Q

Evisceration meaning?

A

Protrusion of internal organs through a surgical wound which has dehisced or opened

66
Q

Does a client with a Braden scale score of 23 have a higher risk of a tissue integrity issue than a client with a score of 9?

A

The higher the score, the less at risk you are for running into a tissue integrity issue

67
Q

How long does it typically take before you can remove staples?

A

A week or two

68
Q

What kind of wound dressing needs a secondary reinforcement?

A

An alginate dressing

69
Q

What kind of wound dressing can be used to combat wounds with necrotized tissues and eschars?

A

Hydrogel

70
Q

High-Fowler’s position has a downside. What’s the downside?

A

It increases the risk for shearing and alterations in skin integrity

71
Q

Is an increased blood glucose level a sign of sepsis?

A

Yes

72
Q

What kind of wound dressing is best used for covering superficial wounds that have minimal exudate?

A

A transparent film

Fundamentals 1 Ati Flashcards (15 decks)

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