Time-space compression Flashcards
Describe the ‘shrinking world effect’
Travel times decreasing due to tech advancements so people begin to feel closer
Give an example of the shrinking world effect (travel times across the world)
1700 - HMS Dolphin - 2 years
1930 - Propellor aircraft - 8 days
1990 - Jet aircraft - 31 hours
Name five factors that have accelerated globalisation
- TNCs
- Computers and the internet
- Lower transport cost
- International organisations
- New market
How do TNCs accelerate globalisation?
- Exchanges raw materials, components, goods, shares and investment
- Trading blocs
How do computers and the internet accelerate globalisation?
- Social interconnectivity
- 24hr reporting
- Decreased import and export costs
- Increased air pollution
- Cheaper bulk moving
How do lower transport costs accelerate globalisation?
- Extensive family networks causing multi-cultural societies
- Unified global community
How do international organisations accelerate globalisation?
- Old, local cultures merge with globalising influences
- Interdependence
- Cheaper workers abroad especially call centres
How do New markets accelerate globalisation?
- Successful western influences
How have roads aided globalisation? Give an example
- over 1bn cars in the world
- 1/4 million miles of roads in Britain alone
Give an example and explain how bridges have aided globalisation
- Forthnanjing bridge, China
- through mountains and above farmland
- longest expansion bridge over river
How have containers aided globalisation?
Every year 16 million containers are used over 400bn miles
Makes items cheaper
Cost less than 1% of the price
How has air travel aided globalisation?
Ticket prices reducing and time-space compression
Give an example and explain how the channel tunnel has aided globalisation?
31.4 miles long
400 trains a day
54,000 tonnes of freight
Describe the London tube
Over 500 trains on 250 miles every day
1/6 Londoners
Name five important innovations in transport and trade
- Steam power
- Railways
- Telephone and telegraph
- Jet aircraft
- Container shipping
Describe steam power
In the 1800s, Britain became the leading world power using steamships and trains to move goods and armies along trade routes into Asia and Africa
Describe railways
Railway networks expanded globally in the 1800s, by 1904, the 9000km Trans-Siberian railways connected Moscow with China and Japan. The proposed HS2 from London to the North is expected to halve journey times
Describe telephone and telegraph
The first telegraph cables across the Atlantic in the 1860s replaced a three week boat journey. In parts of Africa where telephone lines were never placed, people are ‘jumping’ straight to mobile phone use
Describe jet aircraft
The intercontinental Boeing 747 in the 1960s made air travel more accessible to more classes and recent expansion of cheap flights has brought it to the masses in richer nations
Describe container shipping
Around 200 million individual container movements take place each year a.k.a ‘backbone of the ecnomy’ since the 1950s. The Chinese vessel ‘Cosco’ is 366m long, 48m wide and can carry 13,000 containers
Describe early model filming cameras
Heavy, wooden and manually operated by rotating a rod that couldn’t pick up sound or colour, only cinemas could show film reels that could only last two minutes
When was the first news TV broadcast
1936
Name the two formats of filming
Mechanical spinning disc and electronic format
When was the first successful bi-directional clear speech on the telephone?
1876
