Time and Date Information. Flashcards
AM - use before specific time information. Alternatively, you can use 24 hour time.
Gozen.
PM - use before specific time information. Alternatively, you can use 24 hour time.
Gogo.
‘Now.’
Ima.
‘Time.’
Ji.
‘Now, what time is it?’
Ima nan(ji) desuka.
‘Now, it is 10:00 AM.’
Ima gozen juu(ji) desu.
‘From what time until what time is it?’
Nan(ji) kara nan(ji) made desuka.
‘Japanese Language Class is from what time until what time?’ - using the (from/until) particles to indicate a time span.
Nihongo kurasu wa nan(ji) kara nan(ji) made desuka.
‘Is the movie from 6:00 PM?’ - here it is implied that from indicates starting time.
Eiga wa gogo roku(ji) kara desuka.
‘The supermarket is from 9:00 AM until 7:00 PM’ - here it is implied that from indicates the opening time and that until indicates the closing time.
Suupa wa gozen kuu(ji) kara gogo shichi(ji) made desu.
‘The party is from what time?’ - using the (from) particle to indicate an end point.
Paati wa nanji kara desuka.
What is the formula for writing time information?
Formula: (AM/PM) numeral(ji) minute expression desu.
For example, Gozen roku(ji) san-juppun desu.
‘School is from what time until what time?’ - using the (from/until) particles to indicate a time span.
Gakkoo wa nan(ji) kara nan(ji) made desuka.
‘Birthday.’
Tanjoobi.
‘Year.’
Nen.
‘Month.’
Gatsu.
‘January.’
Ichi(gatsu).
‘February.’
Ni(gatsu).
‘March.’
San(gatsu).
‘April.’
Shi(gatsu).
‘June.’
Roku(gatsu).
‘July.’
Shichi(gatsu).
‘May.’
Go(gatsu).
‘August.’
Hachi(gatsu).
‘September.’
Kuu(gatsu).
‘Saturday.’
Doyoobi.
‘October.’
Juu(gatsu).
‘Sunday.’
Nichiyoobi.
‘November.’
Juu-ichi(gatsu).
‘December.’
Juu-ni(gatsu).
‘Monday.’
Getsuyoobi.
‘Tuesday.’
Kayoobi.
‘Wednesday.’
Suiyoobi.
‘Thursday.’
Mokoyoobi.
‘Friday.’
Kinyoobi.
‘Third’ - calendar day.
Mikka.
‘First’ - calendar day.
Tsuitachi.
‘Second’ - calendar day.
Futsuka.
‘Sixth’ - calendar day.
Muika.
‘Nineth’ - calendar day.
Kokonoka.
‘Fourth’ - calendar day.
Yokka.
‘Fifth’ - calendar day.
Itsuka.
‘Seventh’ - calendar day.
Nanoka.
‘Eighth’ - calendar day.
Yooka.
‘Fourteenth’ - calendar day.
Juuyokka.
‘Tenth’ - calendar day.
Tooka.
What is the rule for the calendar days?
1) Unique names for days 1 - 10, 14, 20, 24.
2) The non-unique calendar days are named according to numeral(nichi). For example, san-juu(nichi).
‘Twentieth’ - calendar day.
Hatsuka.
‘Twenty Fourth’ - calendar day.
Ni-juuyokka.
What are three useful rules to help remember the terms for minute expressions?
1) Increments of five minutes (i.e., ending in five) the rule is numeral followed by the word fun (minutes). For example, 5 minutes - go(fun); 15 minutes - juu-go(fun); 25 minutes - nijuu-go(fun).
2) Any minutes expression ending in two minutes, five minutes, seven minutes, nine minutes ends with the word fun (minutes). For example, two minutes - ni(fun); twelve minutes - juu-ni(fun); thirty seven minutes- sanjuu-shichi(fun).
2) Increments of ten minutes the rule is numeral followed by the word juppun (minutes). For example, 10 minutes - juuppun; 20 minutes - ni-juppun; 30 minutes - san-juppun.
‘Now it is 10:37 AM.’
Ima gozen juu(ji) sanjuu-shichi(fun) desu.
List minute expressions from one - ten minutes.
One minute - ippun.
Two minutes - ni(fun).
Three minutes - sanpun.
Four minutes - Yoppun.
Five minutes - Go(fun).
Six minutes - Roppun.
Seven minutes - Nana(fun) or Shichi(fun).
Eight minutes - Happun.
Nine minutes - Kuu(fun).
Ten minutes - Juppun.
Question - ‘Now what time is it?’
Response - ‘Now it is 3:29 PM.’
Question - Ima nan(ji) desuka.
Response - Ima gogo san(ji) nijuu-kuu(fun) desu.
‘Now it is 1:46 PM.’
Ima gogo ichi(ji) yonjuu-roppun desu.
Question - ‘What time is the movie from and until?’
Response - ‘The movie is from 11:30 AM until 2:15 PM.’
Question - Eiga wa nan(ji) kara nan(ji) made desuka.
Response - Eiga wa gozen juuichi(ji) sanjuppun kara gogo ni(ji) juu-go(fun) desu.
‘Today’ - (time expression).
Kyoo.
‘This morning’ - (time expression).
Kesa.
‘This month’ - (time expression).
Kongetsu.
‘Tonight’ - (time expression).
Konban.
‘This year’ - (time expression).
Kotoshi.
‘This week’ - (time expression).
Konshuu.
‘Yesterday’ - (time expression).
Kinoo.
‘Yesterday night’ - (time expression).
Kinoo no ban (or Yube).
‘Yesterday morning’ - (time expression).
Kinoo no asa.
‘Last week’ - (time expression).
Senshuu.
‘Last month’ - (time expression).
Sengetsu.
‘Last year’ - (time expression).
Kyonen.
‘Tomorrow’ - (time expression).
Ashita.
‘Tomorrow morning’ - (time expression).
Ashita no asa.
‘Tomorrow night’ - (time expression).
Ashita no ban.
‘Next week’ - (time expression).
Raishuu.
‘Next month’ - (time expression).
Raigetsu.
‘Next year’ - (time expression).
Rainen.
‘Day before yesterday’ - (time expression).
Ototoi.
‘Day after tomorrow’ - (time expression).
Asatte.
‘Every morning’ - (time expression).
Maiasa.
‘Everyday’ - (time expression).
Mainichi.
‘Every night’ - (time expression).
Maiban.
‘Weekend.’
Shuumatsu.
‘When is Japanese class?’
Nihongo kurasu wa itsu desuka.
‘Your birthday, when is it?’
Anata no tanjoobi wa itsu desuka.
‘What time is Japanese class?’
Nihongo kurasu wa nan(ji) desuka.
‘Japanese class, what time is it from?’
Nihongo kurasu wa nan(ji) kara desuka.
‘Japanese class, what time does it start?’
Nihongo kurasu wa nan(ji) ni hajimarimasu ka.
‘When do you go?’
Anata wa itsu ikimasu ka.
“What time do you go?’
Anata wa nan(ji) ni ikimasu ka.
‘The party, at what time does it start?’
Paati wa nan(ji) ni hajimarimasu ka.
Why isn’t the time (in/at/on) particle “ni” used to follow the when question word (itsu).
The time (in/at/on) particle “ni” follows a question which inquires about specific time information. For this reason it is paired with nan(ji) but not itsu when asking about information.
‘Yesterday, at university, what time did the class start?’
Kinoo kurasu wa daigaku de nan(ji) ni hajimarimashita ka.
‘Japanese language class does start at 10:00 AM on Friday.’
Nihongo kurasu wa kinyoobi no gozen juu(ji) ni hajimarimasu.
Yesterday at university what time did the class finish?
Kinoo kurasu wa daigaku de nan(ji) ni owarimashita ka.
‘Last night the movie did start at 6:45 PM.’
Eiga wa kinoo no ban (or yube) roku(ji) yon-juugo(fun) ni hajimarimashita.
‘Japanese language class does finish at 12:00 PM on Friday.’
Nihongo kurasu wa kinyoobi no gogo juu-ni(ji) ni owarimasu.
‘The concert, what time does it finish?’
Konsaato wa nan(ji) ni owarimasu ka.
‘Last night the movie did finish at 9:30 PM.’
Eiga wa kinoo no ban (or yube) kuu(ji) san-juppun ni owarimashita.
‘Evening’
Yoru.
‘Your birthday, what month what day is it?’
Anata no tanjoobi wa nan(gatsu) nan(nichi) desuka.
‘Night.’
Ban.
‘Tomorrow evening/afternoon’
Ashita no gogo.
‘Summer.’
Natsu.