Timbers Flashcards
Which timber comes from deciduous trees?
& give 2 features of them
Hardwoods
Trees grow slowly
thick trunks with branches
State 3 properties of hardwoods
close grain
denser & heavier than softwoods
easy to shape
Name 4 hardwoods
Oak
Mahogany
Beech
Balsa
Give 5 properties of oak
heavy, hard, tough
open grain
attractive appearance
Why is oak good for outdoor use?
It’s durable
State 4 end uses of oak
garden furniture, doors, floors, high end furniture
State 4 properties of mahogany
dark coloured, close grained, available in wide planks, polishes well
State 4 end uses of mahogany
furniture, shop fittings, boat buildings, doors
Give 5 properties of beech
tough, hard, close&straight grain, hardwearing, prone to warping
State 3 end uses of beech
furniture, toys, wooden tools
State 4 properties of balsa
soft, lightweight, coarse&open grain, easy to sand/glue/paint
State 4 end uses of balsa
model making, packing cases, surfboards, fishing floats
State 2 hardwoods with a close grain and 2 with an open grain
Open - oak, balsa
Close - beech, mahogany
Which timber comes from coniferous trees?
& give 4 features of them
Softwoods
Coniferous - evergreen (have needles instead of leaves), grow faster than hardwood trees, grow tall&straight, softwood=more knots than hardwood
Name 2 types of softwood
Pine
Cedar
State 1 property for both pine and cedar (softwoods)
both have a straight grain
Give 5 properties of pine
most widely available natural timber, cheap, easy to cut/shape, has knots along wood grain - weakens strength but gives attractive appearance
State 4 end uses of pine
interior construction work, boxes/crates, flooring, paper (pulpwood)
Give 5 properties of cedar
lightweight, soft, knot free, durable, resistant to rot/weather/insect attack
State 4 end uses of cedar
outside joinery, building cladding, bathroom&kitchen furniture wall panels
Which boards can be made from both hardwood and softwood?
Manufactured boards
How are manufactured boards made?
by gluing and compressing wood fibres/layers together
Features of manufactured boards (3)
- large sheets
- easy to work with
- cheaper than natural wood
Name 2 types of manufactured boards
Plywood
MDF
How is plywood made?
By gluing thin layers of timber with alternating direction grain
Why is plywood strong and tough?
Due to its layered construction - high strength to weight ratio
State 3 properties of plywood
easy to cut/shape
splinters easily
stable under changes in temperature and moisture
State 2 uses of plywood
panelling (building construction), furniture making
How is MDF produced?
By gluing and compressing wood fibres together into sheets
State 6 properties of MDF
smooth, even surface BUT chips/damages easily,
easy to cut/shape/paint/glue
poor moisture resistance
degrades quickly when wet
State 3 uses of MDF
cheap, flat-pack furniture, interiour panelling & doors
