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Endocrinology > Thyroid Physiology > Flashcards

Thyroid Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid Follicles

A

Serve as a factory and warehouse for thyroid hormones.

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2
Q

Fabrication of thyroid hormone is conducted by?

A

Thyroid Peroxidase

Synthesis of T3 and T4

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3
Q

Iodine is essential for the synthesis of?

A

Thyroid hormones

100-200 mcg is sufficient.

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4
Q

Parafollicular cells

A

C-cells

product calcitonin

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5
Q

Calcitonin

A

Release is dependent on serum calcium levels
Decrease bone osteoclast activity
Inhibits tubular reabsorption of calcium by kidneys

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6
Q

Thyroid-releasing Hormone (TRH)

A

Secreted by hypothalmus

Stimulates pituitary to produce thyroid stimulating hormone

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7
Q

When is TRH released?

A

When T3 and T4 levels are low

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8
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone

A

Secreted from cells in the anterior pituitary called thyrotrophs.
Increase iodide uptake
Stimulates thyroid gland to release T3 and 4

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9
Q

T4

A 
Thyroxine
Greater than T3
Lasts longer in blood than T3
1/4 as potent as t3
T4 converted into T3 so it can act
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10
Q

T3

A

Triiodothyronine
Active form of the hormone
most is produced by deiodination of T4
T3 is 4 times more potent than T4

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11
Q

Tg (Thyroglobulin)

A

Large glycoprotein

Storage form of inactive thyroid hormones and iodine

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12
Q

TBG

A

Thyroxine Binding Globulin
Carrier
Carries T3 and 4

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13
Q

Transthyretin (TTR)

A

Also a carrier of T3 and 4

Less affinity

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14
Q

Thyroid hormones are primary regulator of?

A

Basal Metabolic Rate

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15
Q

Metabolic affects of Thyroid Hormons

A

Increases glucose absorption and insulin secretion. Enhances glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
Enhances all aspects of fat metabolism

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16
Q

Developmental effects of thyroid hormone

A

Essential for growth and development of fetal and neonatal brain.

17
Q

Cardiovascular effects of thyroid hormone

A

Increased CO
Increased HR
Widening of a pulse pressure.
Increased respirations

18
Q

Plasma and liver fat effects of thyroid hormone

A

Decreases concentration of cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides in plasma.

19
Q

Thyroid hormone decreases vitamin requirements. T or F?

A

False. It increases vitamin requirements.

20
Q

CNS effects of thyroid hormone

A

Hypothyroid patients are seen to have impaired attention, slowed motor function, poor memory.

21
Q

Reproduction and Thyroid

A

Hypothyroid is associated with infertility, miscarriage, menstrual disorders, poor semen quality

22
Q

Thyroid hormone is also essential for bone development, mitochondrial activity and skeletal muscle reaction..

A

Believe it

Endocrinology (16 decks)

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