Intro and Pathophysiology

Question 1

Anterior Pituitary

Answer 1

Adenohypophysis
Glandular Cells
Secretes 7 important hormones

Question 2

Posterior Pituitary

Answer 2

Neurohypophysis

Neuro Cells

Question 3

Hormones of adenohypophysis

Answer 3

TSH
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
FSH
LH
PRL
GH
MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone)

Question 4

Hormones of the neurohypophysis

Answer 4

ADH and Oxytocin

Question 5

Pineal Gland

Answer 5

Lies in roof of thalamus

Secretes Melatonin

Question 6

Thyroid Gland

Answer 6

Has extensive blood supply

Produces T3, T4, calcitonin

Question 7

Parathyroid glands

Answer 7

4 small glands behind thyroid.

Chief cells produce PTH

Question 8

Thymus

Answer 8

Embedded in the mediastinum.
2 lobes
Cortex helps mature and maintain T-cells

Question 9

Adrenal Glands

Answer 9

AKA suprarenal glands

Adrenal cortex produces steroid hormones

Question 10

Zona glomerulosa

Answer 10

Mineralocorticoids

Question 11

Zona Fasciculata

Answer 11

Glucocorticoids

Question 12

Zona reticularis

Answer 12

Androgens

Question 13

Adrenal medulla

Answer 13

Epi and norepi

Question 14

Pancreas

Answer 14

Exocrine and endocrone
Alpha cells release glucagon
Beta cells release insulin

Question 15

Gonads

Answer 15

Testes produce androgens (testosterone)

Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone

Question 16

Primary disease

Answer 16

Inhibits action of downstream glands

Question 17

Secondary disease

Answer 17

Problem within the pituitary gland

Question 18

Tertiary disease

Answer 18

Dysfxn of the hypothalmus

Question 19

Primary Adrenal insufficiency

Answer 19

Addison’s disease

Question 20

High levels of cortisol in blood?

Answer 20

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 21

Most hormones are _____ soluble.

Answer 21

Water. Must bind to carrier protein to pass through membrane.

Question 22

Which hormones are fat soluble?

Answer 22

Steroids