thyroid disease

Question 1

what are the follicular cells lined with?

Answer 1

cuboidal cells

Question 2

which hormones are secreted by negative feedback of TSH?

Answer 2

T3 and T4

Question 3

what do the c cells secrete?

Answer 3

calcitonin

Question 4

2 diseases as a result of thyroid secretory malfunction?

Answer 4

hyper + hypo - thyroidism

Question 5

swelling of entire thyroid gland?

Answer 5

goitre

Question 6

3 types of solitary masses on thyroid gland?

Answer 6

nodular goitre
adenoma
carcinoma

Question 7

what is hyperthyroidism due to?

Answer 7

excess T3 and T4

rare cause - excess TSH

Question 8

2 most common diseases that cause hyperthyroidism?

Answer 8

Grave’s disease

Funcitioning adenoma

Question 9

other causes of hyperthyroidism?

Answer 9

toxic nodular goitre
exogenous thyroid hormone
ectopic secretion by ectopic thyroid tissue/tumours

Question 10

name 7 symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism?

Answer 10

anxiety 
weight loss
tremor
diarrhoea 
palpitations
goitre 
hair loss

Question 11

what is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis?

Answer 11

graves thyroiditis

Question 12

what is graves thyroiditis usually associated with?

Answer 12

diffuse goitre

increased vascularity

Question 13

cause of hypothyroidism?

Answer 13

insufficient circulating T3 and T4

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Question 14

what is the result of congenital hypothyroidism?

Answer 14

cretinism

Question 15

what is cretinism?

Answer 15

physical growth and mental development are impaired, often irreversibly, when hypothyroidism is present in neonate

Question 16

name 7 symptoms associated with hypothyroidism?

Answer 16

psychosis 
goitre
weight gain 
brittle hair/nails
constipation
cold skin
lethargy

Question 17

Hashimoto thyroiditis?

Answer 17

most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism

Question 18

what does Hashimoto thyroiditis initially cause?

Answer 18

thyroid enlargement

release of thyroglobulin, causing thyrotoxicosis

Question 19

what does Hashimoto thyroiditis later cause?

Answer 19

atrophy and fibrosis

Question 20

specificity of Hashimoto thyroiditis?

Answer 20

organ-specific autoimmune disease

Question 21

two autoantibodies that can be detected in serum?

Answer 21

one reacts with thyroid peroxidase

other reacts with thyroglobulin