thyroid disease Flashcards
what are the follicular cells lined with?
cuboidal cells
which hormones are secreted by negative feedback of TSH?
T3 and T4
what do the c cells secrete?
calcitonin
2 diseases as a result of thyroid secretory malfunction?
hyper + hypo - thyroidism
swelling of entire thyroid gland?
goitre
3 types of solitary masses on thyroid gland?
nodular goitre
adenoma
carcinoma
what is hyperthyroidism due to?
excess T3 and T4
rare cause - excess TSH
2 most common diseases that cause hyperthyroidism?
Grave’s disease
Funcitioning adenoma
other causes of hyperthyroidism?
toxic nodular goitre
exogenous thyroid hormone
ectopic secretion by ectopic thyroid tissue/tumours
name 7 symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism?
anxiety weight loss tremor diarrhoea palpitations goitre hair loss
what is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis?
graves thyroiditis
what is graves thyroiditis usually associated with?
diffuse goitre
increased vascularity
cause of hypothyroidism?
insufficient circulating T3 and T4
Hashimoto thyroiditis
what is the result of congenital hypothyroidism?
cretinism
what is cretinism?
physical growth and mental development are impaired, often irreversibly, when hypothyroidism is present in neonate
name 7 symptoms associated with hypothyroidism?
psychosis goitre weight gain brittle hair/nails constipation cold skin lethargy
Hashimoto thyroiditis?
most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism
what does Hashimoto thyroiditis initially cause?
thyroid enlargement
release of thyroglobulin, causing thyrotoxicosis
what does Hashimoto thyroiditis later cause?
atrophy and fibrosis
specificity of Hashimoto thyroiditis?
organ-specific autoimmune disease
two autoantibodies that can be detected in serum?
one reacts with thyroid peroxidase
other reacts with thyroglobulin
