Lab tests - diabetes

Question 1

define prognosis

Answer 1

prediction of course/ outcome of disease

Question 2

what makes results precise?

Answer 2

consistency

Question 3

define accuracy?

Answer 3

ensuring the method produces the correct result

Question 4

reference range?

Answer 4

accounts for 95% healthy population’s results

Question 5

random venous plasma GLC - result for diagnosing diabetes?

Answer 5

=/> 11.1mmol/L

Question 6

fasting plasma GLC -

result for diagnosing diabetes?

Answer 6

=/> 7.0 mmol/L

Question 7

2 hour plasma GLC - result for diagnosing diabetes?

Answer 7

=/> 11.1mmol/L in OGTT

Question 8

HbA1c - result for diagnosing TYPE 2 diabetes?

Answer 8

=/> 48mmol/mol

Question 9

what needs to be done if patient is asymptomatic?

Answer 9

confirmation by repeat testing on another day - results must be precise

Question 10

what is useful about using HbA1c testing?

Answer 10

gives a good overall picture of someones control over the course of a few months

Question 11

what is HbA1c used for?

Answer 11

both types - monitoring progress of disease

type 2 - diagnosis

Question 12

name 5 groups where HbA1c should not be used for the diagnosis of diabetes?

Answer 12

children 
pregnancy 
suspected type 1 diabetics 
patients with < 2 months of symptoms 
patients taking steroids

Question 13

name 2 point of care testing for diabetes?

Answer 13

urine testing (dipstick)
glucose meter measurement of capillary BG

Question 14

what are cortisol levels checked for?

Answer 14

Addisons disease

Question 15

ACEi - what are they used to treat and what does a patient using these present with

Answer 15

used to treat early stages of diabetic kidney disease

raised ACR (urine albumin/creatinine ratio >3.5)