thrombosis

Question 1

what is virchow’s triad

Answer 1

endothelial injury, blood stasis or turbulence of blood flow, blood hypercoagulaboilty

Question 2

what dirction do thrombi grow

Answer 2

toward the heart

Question 3

what are some antiplatelete effects

Answer 3

no binding to endothelium and PGI2 and NO prevent platelet adhesion

Question 4

what are some anticoagulant properties

Answer 4

herparin like molecule activate anti thrombin 3, thrombomodulin activates protein c

Question 5

what are some fibronlytis properties

Answer 5

endothelium made tPA

Question 6

what inhibits platelests

Answer 6

ASA?

Question 7

what is the diffence between a hemostatic plug and a clot

Answer 7

plug is still reversible whereas a clot is not

Question 8

how does turbulence and stasis of effect thrombosis

Answer 8

turbulance will enhance endothelial injury and stasis leads to venous thrombosis,

Question 9

what happens to von willebrand factor with increased blood flow

Answer 9

it will unfold and become more sticky.

Question 10

what makes the fibrin clot

Answer 10

when the plug made of fibrin gets cross likes it will make the fibrin clot.

Question 11

how does the degradation process start

Answer 11

plasminogen is converted to plasmin and then it degrades the clot.

Question 12

tell me about pulmonary thrombolism

Answer 12

small will be silent, medium will have an acute respiratory and cardiac symptoms and fear, large right heart failure and collapse, massive sudden death with saddle embolus.

Question 13

what are some causes of hypercoagulability primary

Answer 13

Factor 5 leiden mutation, antithrombin 3 deficeincy, protein c or s defeciency, prothrombin G20210A gene mutation

Question 14

what are some causes of hypercoagulability secondary

Answer 14

anti phospholipid syndrome, lups anticoagulant, cancer, nephrotic syndrom, contraceptive pills, smoking, prolonged immobilazation.

Question 15

what are some other hypercoagulability states

Answer 15

heparin induced thrombocytopenia, and antiphospholipid syndrom [lupus] antibodies to phospholipids, invitro inhibits coagulation in vivo indueds it,

Question 16

where do you get DVT from

Answer 16

popliteal femoral iliac veins

Question 17

what leads to DIC

Answer 17

disseminated intravascular coagulation can be caused by shock infection pregnancy with malignancy.

Question 18

what is the second most common medical complication

Answer 18

VTE venous thrombi embolism

Question 19

what is the most common cause of preventable hospital death

Answer 19

pulmonary embolism

Question 20

what is a parodoxical embolus

Answer 20

when it will pass from right side to left of the heart by a septal defect

Question 21

what is the vulnerability to hypoxia of neurons heart and fibrous tissue

Answer 21

3-4 min neuron, 20-30- heart, and hours for fibrous tissue

Question 22

what the inherirted hypercoagulabilities with highes relative risk

Answer 22

antithrombin deficiency 10x but only 5% of pop, prothrombin mutation 7%, defeciecy in protein c and protein s 5% and 10 rr

Question 23

what should you look for before oral contraceptives prescription

Answer 23

possible factor 5 leiden because it will increaase rr by 34.7

Question 24

what are some threpuetic options for thrombosis

Answer 24

heparin LMW heparis, throbolysis, warfarin, ASA PGP 2B/3a inhibititors.

Question 25

what is purple skin syndrom

Answer 25

3% of people who go on warfarin will get this common on toes and skin reversible with heparin.

Question 26

what percent of thrombosis is accounted by factor 5 leiden

Answer 26

About 50%

Question 27

how do you test for factor 5 and prothrombin

Answer 27

DNA genetic tests.

Question 28

what is the overall risk of thrombosis

Answer 28

1:1000 adults children less need several factors to really be at risk.