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systems- head and neck - oc > throat > Flashcards

throat Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 parts of the oral cavity?

A 
Oral vestibule (between lips and teeth)
Oral cavity proper
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2
Q

what are the boundaries of the oral cavity?

A

Lips to palatoglossal arch (anterior pillar)

Palate to floor of mouth/tongue

Buccal mucosa

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3
Q

what type of innervation does the lingual nerve supply?

A

general somatic afferent from the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

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4
Q

where is the lingual nerve a branch from?

A

of mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

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5
Q

functions of the oral cavity

A

Taste

Mastication
Teeth, tongue

Speech
Tongue, cheek, lips

Digestion
Salivary enzymes

Swallowing
Tongue, hard and soft palate

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6
Q

how many taste buds does a human tongue have?

A

2000-8000

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7
Q

true or false:

filliform papillae contains taste buds

A

false

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8
Q

function of the tongue

A

Taste
Mastication
Swallowing
Speech

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9
Q

functions of the muscles of the tongue

A

intrinsic- alter shape

extrinsic- alter position

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10
Q

what is the nerve supply of the tongue?

A

CN XII: hypoglossal nerve supply all except for palatoglossus – pharyngeal plexus (CN IX - X)

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11
Q

what four muscles do you use for mastication

A

Lateral pterygoid

Medial pterygoid

Temporalis

Masseter

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12
Q

nerve supply for mastication

A

CN V3

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13
Q

boundaries of oropharynx

A

Lower border of soft palate to upper margin of epiglottis

Palatoglossal arch to posterior pharyngeal wall

Lateral: faucial pillars & palatine tonsils

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14
Q

what type of epithelium is oropharynx?

A

Stratified, non-keratinised squamous

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15
Q

what is the nerve supply of the oropharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus- CN IX & X

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16
Q

boundaries of hypopharynx

A

Superior margin of epiglottis to lower border of cricoid cartilage

Continuous with oesophagus

Anterior wall: back of larynx

17
Q

what are the 3 subsites of hypopharynx?

A

Pyriform sinus

Post-cricoid area

Posterior pharyngeal wall

18
Q

how many phases of swallowing is there?

A

3

19
Q

what is in the oral phase of swallowing?

A

Tongue propels food (bolus) into pharynx

Triggering swallowing reflex (afferent: CN V, IX, X – swallowing centre in medulla – efferent: CN VII, X, XII)

20
Q

what occurs in the pharyngeal phase of swalloing

A

Soft palate pulled upwards
Epiglottis covers the larynx, vocal cord approximate, larynx moves upward
Upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS) relaxes
Respiration is reflex inhibited

21
Q

what occurs in the oesophageal phase of swallowing

A

Once bolus passed UOS, the sphinter constricts

Bolus propelled downwards by peristaltic motion, reflex via myenteric plexus

22
Q

function of the larynx?

A

Part of respiratory tract
Voice
Swallowing

23
Q

what are the three parts of the larynx?

A

Supraglottis
Glottis
Subglottic

24
Q

what are the 7 segments of cartilages

A 
Cricoid cartilage
Thyroid cartilage
Epiglottis
Paired arytenoid cartilages (corniculate, and cuneiform)
Supraglottis
Glottis
Subglottis
25
Q

motor innervation of the larynx

A

All intrinsic mucles supplied by recurrent laryngeal nerve except for cricothyroid muscle (external laryngeal nerve)

26
Q

sensory innervation of the larynx

A

Supraglottic: internal laryngeal nerve

Glottic and subglottic: recurrent laryngeal nerve

27
Q

definittion of respiration

A

Source of energy: air flow

Inhalation and exhalation

28
Q

definition of phonation

A

Flow of air through different VC position, tension, vibration & length

29
Q

definition of resonation

A

Oral/nasal speech balance

Depend on nasopharynx, nasal cavity & oral cavity

30
Q

definition of articulation

A

Production of speech , determined by action of lips, tongue and jaw

31
Q

definition of prosody

A

Production of syllable stress and emphasis

Provide effective speech tone

systems- head and neck - oc (12 decks)

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