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Nursing Funds > Thorax & Lungs > Flashcards

Thorax & Lungs Flashcards

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1
Q

how many lobes does the left lung have?

A

TWO, an upper and lower

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2
Q

how many lobes does the right lung have?

A

three, (upper, middle, and lower lobe)

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3
Q

what diagnostic equipment is used for the thorax and lungs?

A

x ray, MRI, and CT scans

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4
Q

what are immediate ways you can assess the lungs and thorax?

A

inspection, palpation, ausultation (percussion isnt really used anymore)

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5
Q

what are the different respiratory patterns?

A

even, effortless
uneven
labored
deep
shallow
gasping
grunting
stridor
tachypneic
bradyneic

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6
Q

is watching their pattern of breathing

A

respiratory pattern

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7
Q

a classic example is an asthma attack, THEYRE HAVING A HARD TIME GETTING THEIR BREATH

A

labored breathing

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8
Q

gasping for breathing, this is not on the slide, but it is a term you might see on other systems

A

agonal breathing

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9
Q

is seen in cardiac arrest or stroke patients

A

agonal breathing

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10
Q

it sounds horrible, it is often associated with airway obstruction or crup. more commonly seen in children`

A

stridor

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11
Q

what does stridor require?

A

immediate medical attention

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12
Q

what is the limit for tachypneic?

A

over 20-22

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13
Q

what would be an example of someone who might have bradypnea ?

A

someone who’s overdosing, or someone you gave a narcotic to

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14
Q

any type of movement makes them profoundly short of breath, seen in CHF and COVID
asthma
pneumonia

A

SHOB on exertion

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15
Q

shortness of breath while laying down

A

orthopnea

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16
Q

you will see their chest go in and out

A

increased chest expansion

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17
Q

use of accessory muscles, but mostly in the abdomen

A

retractions

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18
Q

cessation of breathing

A

apnea

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19
Q

how many areas do you auscultate on the posterior chest?

A

9

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20
Q

what would you document for breathing that is normal sounding?

A

clear

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21
Q

what are the abnormal or adventitious sounds?

A

crackles
rhonchi
wheezes
pleural friction rub

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22
Q

are more of the wet crackles you will hear

A

coarse crackles

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23
Q

coarse crackles are heard in patients with?

A

pneumonia, pulmonary edema

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24
Q

where airway will suddenly open when close (the alveoli open)

A

fine crackles

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25
Q

large airway sounds, is like continuous gurgling or bubbling sound

A

rhonchi

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26
Q

rhonchi can be heard during?

A

inspiration and expiration

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27
Q

what usually causes rhonchi?

A

movement of fluids during upper respiratory infection

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28
Q

sounds like thousands of tiny pops on top of each other,

A

rales

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29
Q

seen in CHF and pneumonia

A

rales

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30
Q

is heard with asthma

A

wheezing

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31
Q

wheezing is heard during

A

inspiration or expiration

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32
Q

wheezing is associated with?

A

asthma
copd

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33
Q

can be clear sounds but can be _________, can be in the bases, sometimes in smokers, is clear but is not as lound (is muffled in a way)

A

diminished

34
Q

is theyve had a lobectomy what would you chart for that lobe?

A

absent

35
Q

is charted with apnea

A

absent

36
Q

can result from air or fluid in or around lungs, as well as from a pneumothorax

A

absent breathing sounds

37
Q

how many areas do you auscultate on the anterior chest?

A

5

38
Q

what does the purple indicate?

A

bronchial area

39
Q

what does the green area indicate?

A

tracheal area

40
Q

what does the blue area indicate?

A

bronchovesicular

41
Q

what does the red are indicate?

A

vesicular

42
Q

are hash and high pitched sounding areas

A

tracheal

43
Q

loud high pitched

A

bronchial

44
Q

Medium in loudness and pitch

A

bronchovesicular

45
Q

Quiet low pitched

A

vesicular

46
Q

is hear equally during inspiration and expiration at these locations

A

tracheal, and bronchovesicular

47
Q

what is heard more at the broncial area ?

A

expiration

48
Q

what is heard more at the vesicular location?

A

inspiration

49
Q

is above the supraclavicular notch

A

tracheal

50
Q

just above clavicles on each side of the sternum over the manubrium

A

bronchial

51
Q

next to sternum between scapulae

A

bronchovesicular

52
Q

what area is indicated by the blue?

A

bronchovesicular

53
Q

what area is indicated by the red?

A

vesicular

54
Q

what are you palpating for on the lungs?

A

tenderness, lesions, lumps, & deformities

55
Q

is subcutaneous imphazema

A

crepitus

56
Q

air trapped under the skin

A

crepitus

57
Q

what is a common cause of crepitus?

A

trauma

58
Q

what type of oxygen delivery is this?

A

nasal canula

59
Q

what type of oxygen delivery is this?

A

nonrebreather mask

60
Q

is youre ging past 6 liter of oxygen what type of mask do you want to use?

A

something at least like a nonrebreather

61
Q

what type of oxygen delivery device do you want to use for mouthbreathers?

A

something that covers their mouth, so a nonrebreather possibly

62
Q

a pillow or a teddy bear that is help is a type of this

A

chest splint

63
Q

if they’re not coughing or deep breathing after surgery what is your patient at risk for?

A

pneumonia

64
Q

what are two respiratory interventions (especially ones meant to prevent pneumonia?)

A

incentive spirometer, coughing and deep breathing

65
Q

what is a good goal for an incentive spirometer ?

A

ten times an hour while awake

66
Q

what do you need to know about sputum?

A

color, consistency, amount, and odor

67
Q

thin white or clear sputum indicates?

A

colds viral infections, chronic bronchitis

68
Q

white to yellow sputum indicates?

A

acute bronchitis, acute pneumonia, asthma, or allergic conditions

69
Q

thick yellow or green sputum indicates?

A

bacterial infection (ex. lung abscess, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia)

70
Q

what does rust colored sputum indicate?

A

TB
pneumococcal pneumonia

71
Q

what does brown or black sputum indicate?

A

TB, coal workers pneumoconiosis
lung CA?

72
Q

what does pink tinged sputum indicate?

A

lung tumor, TB, lung cancer (lung Cancer to go from pink to red and progress to brown or black)

73
Q

profuse frothy pink sputum indicates?

A

pulmonary edema

74
Q

red pink and rsut colored sputum indicates?

A

pulmonary edema

75
Q

foul smelling sputum indicates?

A

lung abscess, cronchiectasis, anaerobic infection

76
Q

what is tactile fremitus?

A

noise from vocal chords, is used as a way to palpate chest to assess for fluid with palpation

77
Q

is where youre going to listen for vesicular sounds at

A

lateral thorax

78
Q

where are you going to:
observe accessory muscles
palpate muscles and skeleton
asses tactile fremitus
compare right and left sides
auscultate for bronchial sounds?

A

anterior thorax

79
Q

what is LFT?

A

liver function tests

80
Q

what is ABG?

A

arteriole blood gas values

81
Q

what do you use ABG values for?

A

to adjust ventilator setting

Nursing Funds (17 decks)

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