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Nursing Funds > Cardio, breast, axillae > Flashcards

Cardio, breast, axillae Flashcards

1
Q

what are the central pulse sites?

A

carotid
femoral
(brachial for a pediatric patient)

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2
Q

if youre able to palpate a radial puse, what is the least systolic number you have?

A

90

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3
Q

if you can only get a carotid, what is their systolic bp probably around?

A

70

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4
Q

under 60 bpm

A

bradycardia

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5
Q

over 100 bpm

A

tachycardia

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6
Q

when the patient is sitting a a 30 degree angle (high fowlers) and you see a vein stick out

A

Jugular vein distention JVD

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7
Q

JVD is usually associated with some type of?

A

heart failure

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8
Q

cramping/sores is sometimes associated with?

A

blood clot

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9
Q

pale
plae lips or blue lips
redness around pacemaker

A

abnormal skin color

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10
Q

HGB and hematocrit (usually linked), anything less then ___ usually qualifies them to get blood products

A

8

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11
Q

body hair distribution on the legs that is lacking can be because of?

A

artery or vein return problem

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12
Q

when patient is runing a temp, they usually also have?

A

tachycardia

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13
Q

left side heart failure is usually associated with ?

A

lungs

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14
Q

right side heart failure is usually associated with?

A

JVD

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15
Q

clubbed fingers or toes could mean?

A

lack of oxygen or a cardiac issue

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16
Q

how do you asses for JVD?

A

elevate HOB to 45 to 90 degrees
locate sternal notch
visualize internal jugular vein
use flashlight to create shadow that highlight venous pulse
locate highest point where you can see pulsations
measure distance from sternal notch to highest point
DOCUMENT

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17
Q

is JVD is detected, what do you do?

A

expand assessment:
chest pain/pressure
SHOB
pale skin or pallor
bluish lips or fingernails
diaphoretic
difficulty breating/tachpnea
tachycardia
fatigue weakness
change in Level of consciousness

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18
Q

where are the five places you’re going to listen to cardiac sounds on the anterior chest?

A

All Pigs Eat Too Much
Aorta
Pulmonic
Erbs point
Tricuspid
Mitral area/apex

intercostal spaces
2-2
3
4
5

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19
Q

what are the valves youre going to assess?

A

aortic
pulmonic
tricuspid
mitral

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20
Q

sound like Ken-TUCK-y

A

S3 heart sounds

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21
Q

can be normal for:
young children
adults under 40
trained athletes

A

S3 heart sounds

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22
Q

what three positions are you going to listen to their heart in?

A

supine (HOB 30-45 degrees)
Left side lying
sitting up, leaning forward slightly

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23
Q

if they are sitting up and leaning forward, you are listening for ?!

A

HIGH PITCHED MURMUR

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24
Q

left lateral recumbent you are listening for?

A

left side low murmors

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25
Q

this position traps air in the hear if they somehow have an air embolis

A

left lateral recumbent

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26
Q

where is the only place bruits are normal to hear at?

A

fistulas

27
Q

a blowing swishing sound

A

bruit

28
Q

results from turbulent blood flow in the carotid artery

A

bruit

29
Q

what side of your stethoscope do you use to assess for carotid bruits?

A

bell side

30
Q

what does your patient need to do when you’re assessing for bruits?

A

hold their breath

31
Q

is an abnormal vibration that is turbulent blood flow in the vessels

A

thrill

32
Q

how do you assess for thrills?

A

palpation

33
Q

ultrasonic vascular device to detect weak pulses

A

doppler

34
Q

what is the scale for grading pulses?

A

0 to 4+

35
Q

skin that is dry thigh and shiny, or diaphoretic is?

A

abnormal

36
Q

absence of body hair can occur with ?

A

decreased arterial blood flow

37
Q

cyanosis, pallor, or coolness can indicate?

A

poor cardiac output/perfusion

38
Q

decreased or absent pulses
skin cool, pale, shiny, cecreased hair in spots
possible pain in legs and feet
thick ridged nail
toe ulcerations
these can indicate?

A

arterial insufficiency

39
Q

pitting edema
pulse present but difficult to find
anke ulcerations
brown pigmentation

A

chronic venous insufficiency

40
Q
A

chronic venous insifficiency

41
Q
A

arterial insufficiency

42
Q

may indicate heart failure or venous insifficiency

A

edema

43
Q

may result from varicosities or thrombophlebitis

A

edema

44
Q

what are the two types of edema?

A

pitting and non pitting edema

45
Q

is due to fluid coagulation

A

non pitting edema

46
Q

where skin feels unusually tight and firm, appears shiny

A

nonpitting edema

47
Q
A

venous ulcer, results from venous hypertension because blood cannot return
happen in lower leg

48
Q

result from progressive atherosclerois or emboli. due to insufficient blood flow to tissue. hairlesness, pale skin, diminished pulses, cool, clammy skin. are found at the distal ends of arterial branches

A

arterial ulcers

49
Q
A

arterial ulcers

50
Q

are when capillaries are compressed by thickened tissues and occludes blood flow to skin

A

lymphatic ulcers

51
Q

occur secondary to lymphedema

A

lymphatic ulcers

52
Q
A

lymphatic ulcer

53
Q

after age 40 S3 is correlated with ?

A

ventricular dysfunction or volume overload

54
Q

is Ten-ne-see

A

S4

55
Q

indicates increased resistance to filling of the left or right ventricle

A

S4

56
Q

can be a cuase of a myocardial attack or ischemia

A

S4

57
Q

scratchy rubbing sound

A

pericardial friction rub

58
Q

why are antibiotics given for bacterial strep throat?

A

to prevent pericarditis

59
Q

t/f: pericarditis can be either really loud or really muffled?

A

true

60
Q

if troponin is high, it can indicate?

A

a heart attack that is not picked up by EKG

61
Q

abnormal enlargement of male breasts that can be caused by leukemia, alcohol use, and rapid weight gain/loss

A

gynecomastia

62
Q

painful movable cyst

A

fibrocystic disease

63
Q

you cant have anything fresh (fruit or flowers) on this diet

A

neutropenic fever/diet

Nursing Funds (17 decks)

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