HEENT Flashcards
what ranges in Hz should you use with a tuning fork?
256-512
test places base of fork against the mastoid process and count how long until the patient can’t hear and then is placed .5 to 1 inch from ear canal
rhinne test
air should be conducted how many times longer than bone conduction?
2 X
air conduction is longer than 2:1 ratio
sensorineural
<2:1 ratio indicates?
conduction
this test places fork on midline of head or forehead. tests for hearing equality
weber
normal hearing hears ___ in weber test
equally
sensorineural hears best in ___ ear
normal
conduction hears best in ___ ear
imparied
acute otitis media
perforation
otitis media with effusion
ability to see smal details
visual acuity
For distant vision, use a …
Snellen chart
Both eyes move parallel to each other and in six directions.
Extraocular movements
Face the patient from 2 ft away and hold out your finger 6 to 12 in. from their eyes. Have them keep their head fixed and facing forward, then direct them to follow your finger using just their eyes. Move your finger slowly and smoothly, left, right, and diagonally up and down to left and right. Watch the parallel eye movement, position of upper eyelid in relation to iris, and for abnormal movements. The upper eyelid should only slightly cover the iris as they move
extraocular movement test
is an involuntary, rhythmic oscillation of the eyes
nystagmus
caused by local eye injury or damage to cranial nerves of muscles
nystagmus
Assessing the patient’s ability to see objects in their periphery
visual fields
Have them sit or stand 2 ft. away at eye level and close one eye (left). Have them look at your directly opposite eye. You close your opposite eye. (right). Move your finger equally distant between you and the patient outside the field of vision then bring it back into the field of vision. Pt reports when they can see the finger.
test for visual fields
If you see it before them, part of their visual field is reduced
visual fields test
is common eye issue in older adults
reduced visual field
Inspect Position of the eyes in relation to one another. Should be parallel. Bulging (exophthalmos) indicates ?
hyperthyroidism
bulging of eye is called
exophthalmos
is crossed eyes, inherited or from neuromuscular injury
strabismus
protrusion of the eye indicates?
tumors or inflammation of eye orbit
course hair that doesnt go past outer canthus indicates
hypothyroidism
lid eyes turn outward
ectropion
lid edges turn inward
entropion
how many times per minute should you blink?
20 times per minute
what does PERRLA stand for?
pupils equal, round, reactive to light, accommodation
arcus senilis
white ring around iris
arcus senilis is found in ?
those over 40
what is normal pupil diameter size?
3 to 7 mm
cloudy pupil
cataracts
dilated pupil indicates
glaucoma, trauma, neuro disorders, eye meds, opioid withdrawal
is a sign of opioid intoxication
pinpoint pupils
opthalmoscope