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Nursing Funds > Activity and Exercise > Flashcards

Activity and Exercise Flashcards

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1
Q

What are benefits to physical activity?

A

Elevates mood and attitude.
Enables physical fitness.
Helps one to quit smoking and stay tobacco-free.
Boosts energy levels.
Helps in the management of stress.
Promotes a better quality of sleep.
Improves self-image and self-confidence.
`

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2
Q

As a nurse what must you do in all healthcare settings?

A

promote physical activity; in a safe manner to prevent injury to self or pt

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3
Q

What is deconditioning?

A

physiological changes that occur from periods of inactivity and patients who are hospitalized are at increased risk for this because they are less active

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4
Q

What should you consider when about the patient condition?

Nature of Mvmt

A

how the patient’s condition affects their body movement, how they initiate movement, and understand your own movements. This involves body mechanics.

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5
Q

What is body mechanics?

A

describes the coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems

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6
Q

What is body aligment simailar to?

A

posture

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7
Q

What is body aligment?

A

the positioning of joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles

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8
Q

What occurs when a pateint has good good body algiment?

A

their center of gravity is stable

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9
Q

What is balance required for>

A

required for maintaining postion and for mvmt

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10
Q

What can compromise balance?

A

Diseases, injury, pain, physical development, life changes, and many medications can compromise balance.

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11
Q

Patient can fall if…

A

their center of gravity is unbalanced, because of the gravitational pull on their weight

gravity

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12
Q

What is friction?

A

is a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement

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13
Q

The greater the surface area of an object being moved…

A

the greater the friction

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14
Q

What is shear?

A

when this force is exerted against the skin, while the skin remains stationary and the bony structures move

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15
Q

What consists of the skeletal system?

A

ligaments, tendons, and cartilage

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16
Q

Joints are…

A

where two bones connect

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17
Q

Ligaments…

A

are elasti, they bind hoints and connect bones to cartilage

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18
Q

Tendons…

A

connect muscle to bone and are strong, flexible, and inelastic

19
Q

Cartilage…

A

is nonvascular supporting connective tissues that sustains weight and shoclk absorbes

20
Q

The nervous system does what when regualting mvmt?

A

Proprioception
Balance and alignment

21
Q

isotonic exerice…

A

cause muscle contraction and change the muscle legnth

isotonic contraction

22
Q

what are examples of isotonic exercises?

A

walkin, swimming, jogging, and bicycling

23
Q

what does isotonic exercise help do

A

increase muscle mass, tone, and streghthens; enhance circulatory and respiratory function

24
Q

isometric execise…

A

tightening or tensing of the muscles without moving the body parts

isometric contraction

25
Q

what are isometic exercise examples?

A

planks, wall sits, low squats, glute bridges

26
Q

Who is isometic exercise not ideal for?

A

patients who do not tolerate increased activity

27
Q

What are the benefits of isomeric exercise?

A

mass, tone, and strength; increase circulation to that body part and osteoblastic activity.

28
Q

What is resistive isometic exercises?

A

contracting a muscle while pushing against a stationary object or resisting the movement of an object. (push-ups).

29
Q

What does resisitive isometric exercise prompt?

A

Promote muscle strength and osteoblastic activity.

30
Q

When do you assess gait?

A

during the general survey; when the pt fist walks into the room

31
Q

How should you observe gait?

A

discretely, so the pt is unaware

32
Q

what does normal gait look like?

A

arms swinging freely at the sides, with the head leading the body.

33
Q

what does gait in older adults look like?

A

often walk with smaller steps and a wider base of support

34
Q

when should you observe posture?

A

observe while they are standing, from their side, behind, and while facing them

35
Q

what are characteristic of normal standing posture?

A

upright with the hips and shoulders aligned. An even contour of the shoulders, level of scapulae, and iliac crests. The head should upright and aligned center. The extremities should be symmetrical.

36
Q

what should you note from the side

A

not the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar curves of the spine

37
Q

what are charactists of normal sitting posture?

A

As the pt sits, some rounding of the shoulders is normal

38
Q

What kind of sitting posture do older adults normaly have?

A

tend to have a stooped posture with hips/knees slightly flexed and arms bent at the elbows

39
Q
A

Lordosis (swayback) increase in lumbar spine curvature

40
Q
A

Kyphosis (hunchback) exaggerated posterior curve of the thoracic spine

41
Q
A

Scoliosis lateral curve of the spine

42
Q
A

Osteoporosis

43
Q

when should you use mechain lifts and teams?

A

when pateint cannot assist

44
Q

If a pt can assit what 5 priniples must you remember?

A
  1. Maintain a wide base of support and lower your center of gravity to increase your stability.
  2. Face the direction of movement to prevent abnormal twisting of the spine.
  3. Divide balanced activity between the arms and legs to reduce risk of back injury. (don’t just lift with your arms, use your legs too)
  4. Leverage, rolling, turning, or pivoting require less work than lifting.
  5. Reducing friction between and object being moved and the surface its being moved on requires less force to move it.

Nursing Funds (17 decks)

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