Thorax II Flashcards
Of the Central Compartment in the Thoracic cavity, what is its name and what are it’s contents?
- Mediastinum
- Contents: heart, thoracic parts of vessels, thoracic parts of trachea, esophagus, thymus
What are the 2 pleural membranes of the Pulmonary Cavity:
- Visceral Pleurae: Covers lungs and is continuous with parietal layer @ hilum
- Parietal Pleura: Lines the pulmonary cavities has 4 regions
What are the 4 regions of the parietal pleura?
- Costal (lateral ribs), mediastinal(medial), diaphragmatic(inferior), cervical (superior)
What is Pneumothorax:
- Entry of air into pleural cavity
- Atmospheric pressure normalizes with intra pleural pressure resulting in collapsed lung
What Causes Pneumothorax?
- Excess air: knife wound or rib fracture
- Excess inflammatory fluid build up: infections, blood, non inflammatory fluid
- Diseases: COPD, emphysema
What is Pleritis (Pleurisy) and what causes it?
- Irritation, swelling or stickiness of the pleura
- Usually from infection
- Inflammation of pleura may cause parietal and visceral layers to adhere
What is Hydrothorax?
- pleural effusion in which serous fluid accumulates in the pleural cavity
Describe the difference between the right and left primary bronchi:
- Right primary: wider, shorter, runs more vertical
- Left primary: Inferior/lateral to the aortic arch, anterior to aorta and esophagus
Describe the divisions of the trachea:
- Primary divides into Lobar (secondary) bronchi: which corresponds to each lobe
- Secondary further divide into segmental (tertiary) bronchi which supply bronchopulmonary segments
What divides the segments (tertiary bronchi) into discrete units? What are they?
Septa: Divide segments into discrete units:
- Segmental bronchus - Intra- bronchial artery - intra-pulmonary artery
