Lower Limb IV - The knee Flashcards
What is the Q angle?
Q angle is measured by drawing a line between ASIS and the Patella and then a line between the center of the patella and the tibial tubercle then measuring the angle between the two lines, this indicates the angle of pull on the quads.
How is the patella secured?
By forward projections of the femoral condyles (boney) and the vastus medialis and lateralis muscles (muscle)
What is the function of the patella?
Increase efficiency of quads by proving mechanical advantage
What are the 6 extra capsular ligaments?
Ligamentum Patella(patella to tibia), Patellar Retinacula (patella to quads), LCL, MCL, Oblique Popliteal(semimembranosus expansion) , Arcuate Popliteal
How are the intracapsular ligaments named?
according to their tibial attachment
What are the 2 intracapsular ligaments?
ACL and PCL
ACL is (tight/loose) during extension and (tight/loose) during flexion
Tight Extension/Loose Flexion
PCL is (tight/loose) during extension and (tight/loose) during flexion
Loose Extension/Tight Flexion
What ligaments secure the menisci to the tibia?
Coronary Ligaments
How are the Lateral and Medial Menisci connected?
Via the Transverse ligament
Which menisci is most susceptible to damage?
Medial Meniscus
What are the factors for repair of a meniscus (6)?
Age/strength, activity level, tear pattern, associated injuries, healing potential, chronicity of the tear
True/False: the knee is a true hinge joint
False: There is some medial rotation of the tibia due to the difference between the menisci and function of intracapsular ligaments.
What is the screw home mechanism?
- When the knee is being fully extended the femoral condyles glide on the tibia.
- PCL restricts glide forward but ACL locks into anterior notch allowing rotation
- MCL/LCL/Oblique&Pop Lig become tight
- Medial condyle rotates fro additional 1/2 inch as it is bigger (medial femoral rotation)
- Menisci are compressed
