Muscles Layers and Arches of the Foot

Question 1

What muscles are in the 1st layer? Innervation?

Answer 1

Abductor hallucis
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Inn: Medial Plantar N

Question 2

what muscles are in the 2nd layer? Innervation?

Answer 2

Quadratus Plantae –> Inn: Lateral Plantar N

Lumbricals –> Inn: Medial(1st) and Lateral Plantar N

Question 3

What muscles are in the 3rd layer? Innervation?

Answer 3

Flexor Hallucis Brevis –> Medial plantar N
Adductor Hallucis –> Lateral Plantar N
Flexor Digiti minimi brevis –> Lateral Plantar N

Question 4

What muscles are in the 4th layer?

Answer 4

Plantar and Dorsal Interossei –> Lateral Plantar N

Question 5

What are the 2 dorsal muscles of the foot?

Answer 5

Extensor Digitorum Brevis and Extensor Hallucis brevis

Question 6

What bones make up the medial longitudinal arch?

Answer 6

Calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms and 3 metatarsals

-Talar head is the keystone

Question 7

What tendons aid with the medial longitudinal arch?

Answer 7

Tibialis Anterior and Fibularis Longus

Question 8

What bones make up the lateral longitudinal arch?

Answer 8

Calcaneus, cuboid, and lateral 2 metatarsals

Question 9

What bones make up the transverse arch?

Answer 9

Cuboid, cuneiforms, and bases of metatarsals

Question 10

What tendons aid in the transverse arch?

Answer 10

Fibularis Longus and Tibialis Posterior

Question 11

Plantar fascia: O, I, function?

Answer 11

o: calcaneus
i: transverse metatarsal ligament, and fibrous digital sheaths that enclose flexor tendon
function: protect the plantar surface, stabilize foot by contributing to longitudinal arches of foot.