Thorax and Lungs (Chapter 19) Flashcards
where is the suprasternal notch located
very top of sternum, in-between clavical
what does the manubriosternal angle line up with
2nd rib
what is the manubriosternal angle also called
angle of Louis
where is the first rib located under
clavical
where is the intercostal space located for 2nd rib
A. below the rib
B. Above the rb
below the rib
what is the costal angle an angle of
starting at the xiphoid process the angle of the ribs coming up to connect
if you ask a patient to hunch their back what is the prominace at the bottom of the neck
C7
midsternal line
down the middle anterior
midclavicular line
middle clavicle anterior
scapular line
line of the scapula posterior
vertebral line
line down spine posterior
anterior axillary line
connection between anterior arm and chest
midline axillary line
middle laterally
posterior axillary line
connection between posterior deltoid and back
where is the apex of the lung located
above the clavical
what lung has more lobes
right
how many lobes does the left lung have
2 lobes
what lobe dominates the posterior region
LOWER LOBE
if you know someone has lower lobe pneumonia where should you listen
back
if you notice someone is using accessory muscles while breathing
they are having trouble breathing and normally in respiratory distress
2 types of cough
productive and non productive
what is coughing up blood called
hemoptysis
what could hemoptysis mean
lung cancer
pulmonary edema will look like what
pink frothy/pink tinge
if you notice someone is coughing up pink frothy spit what should you do
call doctor or RT immediately
what could pink frothy spit lead to
respiratory arrest
what color spit would someone with TB have
rust color
what is normal cough
clear/white
bacterial/vital infection cough will look like what
green/yellow
if someone has bronchitis what would you expect their cough to look like
green/yellow
shortness of breath is a concern at what time
rest
if you notice someone is complaining of chest pain what should you ask them
‘take a deep breath and does it get worse or stay the same’
if someone is having chest pain and they take a deep breath and they say it stays the same what might the cause be
heart, MI
if someone is having chest pain and they take a deep breath and they say it gets worse what might be the cause
lungs
what are some self care behaviors to prevent lung issues
exercise, Xray, testing, COVID, TB, vaccines
orthopnea
difficultly breathing in supine position
what might you think if someone states “I have had to sleep in the recliner for the past 4 nights”
orthopnea
what might you think if someone states “I have had to sleep with 4 pillows instead of one recently”
orthopnea
what are someone diseased patients that might have accessory muscle use when breathing
ARDS
asthma
respiratory infection
chronic bronchitis
COPD
pneumonia
emphysema
pulmonary edema
pulmonary embolism
what is anteroposterior diameter
the distance from the front to the back looking from the side
what is transverse diameter
looking straight at the anterior of the individual
true width of a patient
what is the normal ratio for anteroposterior/transverse diameter
1:2
what two patients might have an anteroposterior/transverse diameter of 1:1
obese and COPD patients
COPD patients might have what kind of chest
barrel
if you have someone in respiratory distress what position would you expect them to be in
tripod postion
where would you see a change in skin color
lips
anteroposterior should be half of
transverse
where do you place your thumbs during symmetric expansion
9th rib
what is the normal expected finding for symmetric expansion
symmetric bilaterally
who might not have symmetric bilaterally symmetric expansion
collapsed lung (atelectasis)
penumonia
lobotomy
pnuemothorax
what do we have someone say when doing tactile fermitus
a two syllable word (99)
what does tactile fremitus assess
vibration of larynx through bronchi
who might have not equal bilaterally tactile fremitus
lung disease
pneumonia
who might have decreased tactile fremitus
asthma
pleural effusion
atelectasis
what is the predmoninate note over lung fields
resonance
where is the apex of the lungs
over clavicle
what are the 3 breath sounds
bronchial
bronchovesicular
vesicular
what are the main sounds you will hear in the airways
vesicular
what are the sounds of the peripheral fields
vesicular
are crackles high or low pitch
high
what is the cause of crackles
inhaled air colliding with deflated air way
when are crackles heard
insipiration
expiration
both
wheeze is caused by
consriction of airway
what part of stethoscope is used to listen to breath sounds
diagram
why is level of consciousness important
oxygen delivery
what are accessory muscles a cue for
respiratory disress
where are vesicular sounds heard
over lung fields
where are bronchovesicular sounds heard
in the middle between lungs
what side are bronchial sounds only heard on
anterior
where are bronchial sounds heard at
over the neck
what are bronchial sounds also called
tracheal
what patients have barrel chest
COPD
scoliosis
S shape, uneven shoulders
Kyphosis
posterior curve
humpback
who might have kyphosis
COPD and emphysema
COPD and emphysema patients do what kind of breathing
pursed lip
tachypnea
fast
Bradypnea
slow
cheyne stokes and biots are associated with
dying patient
stridor is associated with what
anaphylactic reaction
is stridor a late or early response
late
where should you listen for stridor
over trachea
tactile fremitus findings would be increased when
A. the patient has a mild case of pneumonia
B. the patient has an advanced case of pneumonia
C. the patient has a plural effusion
D. the patient has a blocked bronchus
B. the patient has an advanced case of pneumonia
which of the following is a true statement regarding the findings related to percussion
A. percussion us a useful technique for identifying small lesions in lung tissue
B. Percussion is helpful only in identifying surface alterations of lung tissue
C. Percussion notes are not influenced by the overlying chest muscle and fat tissue
D. a dull not elicited with percussion is the expected finding
B. Percussion is helpful only in identifying surface alterations of lung tissue
which of the following correctly expressed the relationship to the lobes of the lungs and their anatomic position
A. upper lobes- lateral chest
B. upper lobes-posterior chest
C. lower lobes-posterior chest
D. lower lobes-anterior chest
C. lower lobes-posterior chest
bronchial sounds
high pitch
loud
inspiration < expiration
harsh, hollow tubular
over trachea and larynx
bronchovesicular
moderate pitch
moderate amplitude
inspiration = expiration
heard over major bronchi
between scapula and upper sternum
vesicular
low pitch
soft
inspiration > expiration
rustling wind sound
main peripheral fields
stridor pitch
high pitch
stridor inspiratory or expiratory
inspiratory
