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Health Assessment > Assessment and Technique and Safety in the Clinical Setting (Chapter 8) > Flashcards

Assessment and Technique and Safety in the Clinical Setting (Chapter 8) Flashcards

1
Q

what is inspection

A

Careful, through observations

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2
Q

what is the very first step of the assessment process

A

inspection

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3
Q

when does inspection process begin

A

moment you meet individual

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4
Q

why do we compare patients right side with left side

A

looking for similarities, differences, and symmetry

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5
Q

we want to use good

A

lighting

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6
Q

what tools will we use

A

penlight, oto, opthalmoscope

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7
Q

what can change sounds

A

listening over clothing

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8
Q

palpation uses the sense of

A

touch

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9
Q

what do we assess during palpation

A

texture, temp, moisture, organ location and size

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10
Q

can we determine the disease state of an organ by palpating

A

no

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11
Q

we can detect what during palpation

A

swelling, vibration, pulsation, rigidity, crepitation, lump, mass, tenderness, or pain

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12
Q

light palpation

A

use to detect surface characteristics

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13
Q

deep palpation

A

use intermittent pressure to examine abdominal contents

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14
Q

what type of palpations do we start with

A

light and then do deep

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15
Q

what do we use fingertips for during palpation

A

fine discrimination such as texture, swelling, pulsation, presence of lumps

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16
Q

what do we use a grasping action for during palpation

A

finger and thumb can be used to detect shape, size, position, and consistency of an organ

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17
Q

what do we use the base of fingers for during palpation

A

ulnar surface to detect vibration

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18
Q

what do we use the dorm of our hands for during palpation

A

detect temp changes

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19
Q

why would we do bimanual palpation

A

compare both sides

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20
Q

why would we use the dorm of hand for temp

A

thinner skin and more sensitive

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21
Q

during palpation we want to ask the patient if there are any tender areas and palpate these areas

A

LAST

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22
Q

why do we want to palpate tender areas last

A

this could change vital signs

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23
Q

we can’t treat if we do not know so ask if in

A

pain

24
Q

flow of palpation

A

top to bottom
left to right
Simultaneously
compare symmetry

25
Q

what are some common areas of palpation

A

lymph nodes (neck) simultaneous
sinuses (simultaneous)
abdomen (clockwise pattern) Quadrants
spine (top to bottom)
pulses (simultaneous right and left or individually)
uterus (bimanual)
heart (fingertips over precordium)

26
Q

if there is no vibration in fistula what do we call it

A

dead fistula

27
Q

characteristics assessed by palpation

A

texture
temp
moisture
organ location and size
swelling
vibration or pulsation
rigidity
crepitation
presence of lumps or massess
presence of tenderness or pain

28
Q

what is the 3rd step after palpation

A

percussion

29
Q

percussion

A

tapping the skin with short, sharp strokes that produce a vibration to assess underlying structures

30
Q

percussion emits a sound that depicts

A

size, location, density of an organ

31
Q

percussion mapping location and size

A

sound will change as you move off/away from an organ

32
Q

percussion density

A

sound will change as you precise over air, fluid, or solid structures

33
Q

abnormal mass can be detected up to ___ cm deep

A

5

34
Q

pain can detect underlying

A

inflammation

35
Q

tendon cen elicit a _______ _______ ________

A

deep tendon reflex

36
Q

how does the stationary hand look during percussion

A

hyperextend middle finger
place distal portion firmly against skin
lift the rest of the hand off the skin to avoid dampening vibrations

37
Q

how does the striking hand look during perucssion

A

use the tip of the middle finger of dominant hand to strike 2 times
place forearm close to skin
keep upper arm and shoulder steady
action is all in wrist
bounce your middle finger off the stationary finger just behind the nail bed, lift off quickly
use enough force to get clear note
move systematically

38
Q

how will structures with more air sound

A

louder, longer, deeper sound because it can vibrate freely (ex: lungs)

39
Q

denser, more solid structures will sound like

A

softer, higher, shorter because they cannot vibrate easily (ex: liver)

40
Q

resonant

A

over lung fields, sound clear and hollow

41
Q

hyperresonant

A

over child lungs or COPD

42
Q

tympany

A

over abdomen (air filled areas) sounds drum like

43
Q

dull

A

over organs (liver) sounds like a muffled thud

44
Q

flat

A

over bone, muscle, tumor, sounds come to a dead stop

45
Q

Diaphragm of the stethoscope is used to detect what

A

high pitched sounds (lungs, abdomen, heart)

46
Q

bell is red to detect

A

low pitched sounds (vascular sounds, extra, heart sounds) soft

47
Q

what do we want to do before placing stethoscope on patient

A

clean with alcohol and warm it

48
Q

how should the ear pieces face

A

toward your nose

49
Q

how do we place the diaphragm

A

place firmly

50
Q

how do we place the bell

A

place lightly

51
Q

what side do we want to preform the exam on

A

right side of patient

52
Q

for the older adult we want to go at a ____ pace

A

slow

53
Q

older adults may need what in between areas of exams

A

rest periods

54
Q

the bell of the stethoscope
A. is used for soft, low pitched sounds
B. is used for high pitched sounds
C. is held firmly against the skin
D. magnifies sound

A

A

55
Q

which of the following techniques used the sense of touch when assessing a patient
A. palpation
B. Inspection
C. Percussion
D. Ascultation

A

A

56
Q

what is the order for the full exam

A

inspection
palpation
percussion
auscultation

Health Assessment (20 decks)

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