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Health Assessment > Neurologic System (Chapter 24) > Flashcards

Neurologic System (Chapter 24) Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts of the nervous system

A

central
autonomic
peripheral

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2
Q

central nervous system

A

brain, spinal cord

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3
Q

autonomic

A

unconsious

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4
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

cranial nerves

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5
Q

nerves carry to CNS via

A

affernet

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6
Q

nerves carry from CNS via

A

efferent

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7
Q

cerebellum

A

occipital lobe, equilibrium, coordination of voluntary movement

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8
Q

thalamus

A

relay station, receive info

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9
Q

hypothalamus

A

HR, BP, temp, respiration, sleep

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10
Q

brain stem is composed of

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

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11
Q

what cranial nerves are in the brain stem

A

3-12

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12
Q

spinal cord mediates

A

reflexes

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13
Q

aphasia

A

inability to communicate through speech

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14
Q

ataxia

A

inability to coordinate movement

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15
Q

cerebella ataxia

A

S&S of parkinsons

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16
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty speaking

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17
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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18
Q

flaccidity

A

no resistance to gravity

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19
Q

who might have flaccidity

A

stoke pts

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20
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis on one side of body

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21
Q

Tic

A

involuntary/ impulsive repetitive twitch of muscle

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22
Q

a tic can be neurologic or

A

psychogenic

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23
Q

tremor

A

sign and symptom of med/patho, involuntary contraction of opposing muscle

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24
Q

who might have a tremor

A

cerebella disease
MS, or parkinsons

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25
Q

deserebrate and decorticate

A

postal positions may seen in patient with neurologic event

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26
Q

dercebrate

A

ominous: prognosis is very poor
brain stem injury/damage, lesion in brainstem at midbrain/upper pons

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27
Q

decorticate

A

arms pulled forward, lesion at or above brain stem

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28
Q

seizure phases

A

preictal
ictal
postictal

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29
Q

preictal

A

aura: subjective sensation that precedes a seizure
auditory, visual, motor

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30
Q

ictal

A

seizure is actually occurring
most become incontinent
crash cart for airway
put pt on side
do not hold pt down
pt loses relfexes
nursing intervention: timer, monitor, stay with pt
pad side rails, 4 side rails

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31
Q

postictal

A

first thing to do is assess
vitals and airway

32
Q

aging adult

A

atrophy
absent Achilles reflex
irregular pupil shape

33
Q

order of neurologic exam

A

mental status
cranial nerves
motor nerves
sensory
reflex

34
Q

ABCT

A

apperence
behavior
cognition
thought process

35
Q

testing muscle strength

A

hand grasp with push and pull
plantar flexion and dorsi flexion with resistance

36
Q

when asking pt to squeeze and dominant hand is same as yours

A

cross hand so dominant hands are together

37
Q

balance test

A

gait, Romberg test, rapid alternating movement

38
Q

rombergtest -

A

hold, no swaying

39
Q

Romberg test +

A

sway, fall, lose balance

40
Q

rapid alternating movement

A

pat knees with backs and fronts of hands
finger-finger test
finger nose
heel shin

41
Q

when doing reflexes we need pt to be full relaxed otherwise

A

tendon is stretched

42
Q

biceps is the only test that is

A

indirect

43
Q

what will the forearm do when doing biceps test

A

forearm will flex

44
Q

the reflex tests

A

triceps, brachiradialis, quadriceps, achilles, biceps

45
Q

parkinsons dysfunction type

A

motor system

46
Q

parkinsons have a defect of

A

extrapyridimal tracts

47
Q

parkinsons apperence

A

tremors/rigitiy/ cogwheel rigidity
stooped posture
steps short and shuffling
pill rolling maneuver with fingers
flat expression, staring, expressionless

48
Q

babinski relfex

A

upper motor neuron lesion

49
Q

when is it okay to have positive babinski reflex

A

infants

50
Q

neurologic recheck

A

level of consiousness
motor function
pupillary response
vital signs
glasgow

51
Q

glasgow categories

A

eye, motor, verbal

52
Q

normal glasgow

A

15

53
Q

glasgow indicating a coma

A

7/8

54
Q

stroke is the leading cause of

A

long term disability

55
Q

TIA vs stroke

A

TIA is a spasm and symptoms resolve
stroke is when symptoms get worse

56
Q

test for cranial nerve I

A

test sense of smell in those that report loss of smell with persons eyes closed, occude one nostril and present a familiar aromatic substance

57
Q

test for cranial nerve II

A

test visual acuity and visual fields by confrontation

58
Q

test for III, IV, VI

A

check pupils for size, regularity, equality, direct and consensual light reaction and accommodation
assess extra ocular movements by cardinal positions of gaze

59
Q

test for V

A

motor: asses muscles of mastication by palpating temporal and master muscles as person clenches teeth, muscles should feel strong on both sides
sensory: persons eyes closed, test light touch sensation by touching a cotton wisp to persons face: forehead, cheeks, and chin

60
Q

test for VII

A

note mobility and facial symmetry as person responds to request to smile, frown and close eyes tightly, lift eyebrows and show teeth
have person puff cheeks and then press puffed cheeks in

61
Q

test for VIII

A

hearing acuity by ability to hear normal conversation and by whisper test

62
Q

test for IX and X

A

depress tongue with blade and note pharyngeal movement as person says ahhh or yawns
uvula and soft palate should rise midline and tonsil pillars should move medially
touch posterior pharyngeal wall with tongue blade and note gag relfex, voice should sound smooth

63
Q

test for XII

A

inspect tounge no wasting or tremors should be present , note forward thrust in midline as person protrudes tongue
ask person to say light, tight, dynamite

64
Q

test for XI

A

examine neck muscles for size, check strength by asking person to rotate head against resistance applied to side of chin
ask person to shrug shoulders against resistance

65
Q

olfactory

A

smell

66
Q

optic

A

vision

67
Q

oculomotor

A

extra ocular movement, pupil constriction, down and inward movement of eye

68
Q

trochlear

A

down and inward movement of eye

69
Q

trigeminal

A

mastication and sensation of face scalp and cornea

70
Q

abducens

A

lateral movement of eyes

71
Q

facial

A

tasting on the anterior two thirds of tongue, closing eyes

72
Q

acoustic

A

hearing and equilibrium

73
Q

glossopharyngeal

A

phonation, swalloing, tasting on the posterior third of tounge

74
Q

vagus

A

talking, swallowing, and sensory information from pharynx and carotid sinus

75
Q

spinal

A

movement of trapezius and sternomastoid muscle

76
Q

hypoglossal

A

movement of tounge

Health Assessment (20 decks)

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