Thorax

Question 1

Diaphragm

Answer 1

Origin: Xiphoid process, Lower six costal cartilages, L1-L3 vertebrae
Insertion: Converge into central tendon
Peripheral Nerve: Phrenic Nerve
Nerve Root:
Function: Draws central tendon down and forward during inspiration

Question 2

External Intercostal

Answer 2

Origin: Lower border of ribs
Insertion: Upper border of rib below rib of origin
Peripheral Nerve: Intercostal nerves
Nerve Root:
Function: Supports intercostal spaces in inspiration and expiration, Elevates ribs in inspiration

Question 3

Innermost Intercostal

Answer 3

Origin: Lower border of ribs
Insertion: Upper border of rib below rib of origin
Peripheral Nerve: Intercostal nerves
Nerve Root: 
Function: Elevates ribs

Question 4

Internal Intercostal

Answer 4

Origin: Lower border of ribs
Insertion: Costal cartilage and edge of costal groove of rib above rib of origin
Peripheral Nerve: Intercostal nerves
Nerve Root:
Function: Prevents pushing out or drawing in of intercostal spaces in inspiration and expiration, lower ribs in forces expiration

Question 5

Levator Costarum

Answer 5

Origin: Transverse processes of C7 and T1-T11
Insertion: Subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle
Innervation: Dorsal ramus of lower thoracic nerves
Function: Elevate ribs

Question 6

Pectoralis Major (somewhere else)

Answer 6

Origin: Clavicular Head- Anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle
Sternocostal Head- Anterior surface of the sternum, Cartilage of ribs 1-7, and Aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique
Insertion: Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Peripheral Nerve: Medial and Lateral pectoral Nerves
Nerve Root: C5-C8, T1
Function: Adduction and Medial rotation of the shoulder
Clavicular Head- Flexion and Horizontal adduction of the shoulder
Sternocostal Head- Extension of the shoulder from a flexed position

Question 7

Pectoralis Minor (somewhere else)

Answer 7

Origin: 
Insertion: 
Peripheral Nerve: 
Nerve Root: 
Function:

Question 8

Serratus Anterior (somewhere else)

Answer 8

Origin: Anterosuperior aspect of the upper 8/9 ribs
Insertion: Anterior surface of the vertebral border of the scapula
Peripheral Nerve: Long Thoracic Nerve
Nerve Root: C5-C7
Function: Scapular abduction and Upward rotation of the scapula

Question 9

Serratus Posterior Inferior (somewhere else)

Answer 9

Origin: 
Insertion: 
Peripheral Nerve: 
Nerve Root: 
Function:

Question 10

Serratus Posterior Superior (somewhere else)

Answer 10

Origin: 
Insertion: 
Peripheral Nerve: 
Nerve Root: 
Function:

Question 11

Subcostal

Answer 11

Origin: Internal surface of lower ribs near their angles
Insertion: Superior borders of 2nd or 3rd rib below
Peripheral Nerve: Intercostal nerves
Nerve Root:
Function: Depresses ribs

Question 12

Transversus Thoracis

Answer 12

Origin: Internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6
Insertion: Posterior surface of lower sternum
Peripheral Nerve: Intercostal nerves
Nerve Root:
Function: Depresses ribs and costal cartilages