Thorax Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

difference between vertebrocostal and vertebrochondral ribs?

A

costal attach to sternum, chondral dont

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2
Q

Typical ribs and their properties (4)

A

3-9
wedge-shaped head with two facets
one facet with corresponding vertebra
other facet articulates with vertebrae superior to it
neck
tubercle at junction of neck and shaft with articular facet and non-articular part
The shaft - costal groove for intercostal nerve and vessels

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3
Q

atypical ribs are

A

1, 2, 10-12

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4
Q

first rib

A

single facet
wide horizontal shaft
scalene tubercle
grooves for subclavian vein and artery

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5
Q

second rib

A

two factes t1 and t2

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6
Q

10-12 ribs

A

only a single facet

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7
Q

ribs 11 to 12

A

no necks or tubercles

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8
Q

what is pectus excavatum

A

sunken or funnel chest; congenital, abnormal growth

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9
Q

pectus carinatum

A

breast brone and rib cartilage deformity that causes chest to bow outward. defect in tough connective tissue that hold rib to breastbone.

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10
Q

what are costovertebral joints

A

rib head art with superior demifacet of same no vertebrea and with inferior demifacet of vert above
(Rib and vertebra)

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11
Q

kind of joint sternoclavicular joint

A

synovial

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12
Q

reference lines 8

A
t2 jugular notch
t4 angle of loiuis
t9 xiphisternal joint
t10 umbilical
midcalvicular line: align with nipple
lateral sternal line: either side
midsternal line: down middle
t5-t6, mitral valve, at midclavicular
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13
Q

three kinds of joints of thoracic wall?

A

costovertebral
joints of heads of ribs
constotransverse

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14
Q

what is a joint of head of rib

A

radiate ligament: head of rib to 2 vertebral bodies and intervetebral disk

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15
Q

costotransverse joints

A
synovial
transverse process
costo lig: anterior TP
lateral: tubercle
superior: tp of vertebra superior
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16
Q

movement of joints

A

costochondral: no movement
sternocostal: 1st rib, and 2 to 7, move during respiration
constotransverse: 1-7 rotate, 8-10 glide, increase anteriorposterior diameter
heads of ribs: joint 1-10 gliding motion (lateral and up, medial and down (increase transverse diameter of thorax)

17
Q

interchondral joints

A

6-10
6-9 synovial
9-19 fibrous

18
Q

infrasternal angle

A

between ribs and xiphoid process

19
Q

2 diameters of thorax

A

transverse and centeroposterior

20
Q

muscles of thoracic wall

A

external intercostals (membrane to sternum)
internal intercostals
innermost intercostals
subcostalis
transversus thoracis
levatores costarum (elevate the rib (TP T1-T11)

21
Q

layers of intercostal space

A
external intercostal
internal intercostal
neurovascular bunder
-VAN
innermost intercostal
endothoracic fascia
parietal pleura
22
Q

thoracocentesis

A

analysis or drainage of pleural effusion

23
Q

muscles of inspiration (4)

A

sternocleidomastoid
scalenes
external intercostals
diaphragm

24
Q

muscles of expiration 5

A
internal intercostals
external oblique
internal oblique
rectus abdomninis
transversus abdominis
25
arteries of thoracic wall
``` thoracic aorta -posterior intercostal and subcostal subclavian -costocervical trunk --supreme intercostal -and internal thoracic -anterior intercostal internal thoracic -musculophrenic --anterior intercostal -axillary --lateral thoracic a --superior thoracic ```
26
veins of thoracic wall
drain into azygous venous system
27
thoracic nerves
``` posterior ramus anterior ramus -T1-2 brachial plexus T3-11 intercostal T12 subcostal ```