Thorax

Question 1

What are the branches of the thoracic aorta?

Answer 1

-Right & left coronary artery
-Bracheocephalic - common carotid & subclavian
-Left common carotid
-Subclavian

Question 2

Why is the ligament arteriosum associated with injury?

Answer 2

Tears of the aorta in rapid deceleration around the subclavian as the heart swings forward

Question 3

Trace the path of the upper limb veins from the shoulder

Answer 3

Subclavian meets external jugular meets internal jugular becoming the brachiocephalic both join together to become the superior vena cava

Question 4

What is the function of the phrenic nerve?

Answer 4

• Motor innervation to diaphragm
• Sensory innervation to peritoneum of the diaphragm
  -Sensation to the pericardium, mediastinum

Question 5

How is the left vagus different to the right?

Answer 5

Gives off recurrent laryngeal below ligamentum arteriosum

Question 6

What does the right vagus wind around to give of the recurrent laryngeal branch?

Answer 6

Subclavian

Question 7

What is the level of the thoracic plane?

Answer 7

Angle of Louis to T4

Question 8

What structures are at the level of the thoracic plane?

Answer 8

• Tracheal bifurcation
• Azygos vein
• Pulmonary artery branches
• Beginning & end of arch of the aorta
• 2nd rib joins manubriosternum

Question 9

When would you do a thoracotomy? Where does this normally happen?

Answer 9

Penetrating chest trauma with loss of output
Enter on the left side in the 5th space