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Anatomy > Lower limb > Flashcards

Lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh arise from?

A

L2 & L3

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2
Q

What are the roots of the femoral & Obturator nerve?

A

L2-L4

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3
Q

What muscle group does the obturator nerve supply?

A

Adductor muscles (Magnus, longus, brevis, Gracilis)

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4
Q

What are the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

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5
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply?

A

Quads
Sartorius

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6
Q

What does the femoral nerve become in the lower limb?

A

Saphenous nerve

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7
Q

What does the sciatic nerve supply?

A

Hamstrings

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8
Q

What the sciatic nerve branch into?

A

Tibial
Common perineal

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9
Q

Where does the common perineal nerve first appear?

A

Neck of fibula

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10
Q

What does the common perineal branch into?

A

Superficial & deep perineal branches

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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A

Base: Inguinal ligament
Lateral: Medial border of sartorius
Medial: Adductor longus

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12
Q

What vein joins the femoral vein inside the femoral triangle?

A

Great saphenous

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13
Q

What nerve follows the same course as the anterior tibial artery?

A

Deep peroneal nerve

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14
Q

What are the main abductors? What is their second role?

A

Gluteus Minimus & medius
Tensor fascia lata
Tilt the pelvis when walking stop one leg kicking the other

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15
Q

Where do gluteus minimus & medius insert?

A

Greater trochanter

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16
Q

What are the main hip flexors?

A

Psoas
Iliacus
Rectus femoris

17
Q

What are the hip extensors?

A

Hamstrings (biceps femorus, semimembranosus & tendinosus)
Gluteus maximus

18
Q

What are the roots for the lower limb reflexes?

A

Knee: L3, L4
Ankle: S1

19
Q

What are the nerve roots tested in movement of the lower limbs?

A

L2- Hip flexion
L3- Knee extension
L4- ankle dorsiflexion
L5 Great toe extension
S1 ankle movements, hip extension
S2 Knee flexion
S3-S4 anal wink

20
Q

What is the path of the arteries of the lower limb?

A

1) Aorta
2) Common iliac
3) (Internal) & External iliac
4) Common femoral
5) Superficial & (Deep) femoral
6) Popliteal
7) Ant/Post tibial & fibula
8) Dorsalis pedis

21
Q

Where does the common femoral artery bifurcate?

A

In the femoral triangle

22
Q

What does the deep femoral artery supply?

A
  • Most muscles of the thigh
  • Quads Femoris
  • Adductors
  • Hamstrings
23
Q

Where does the superficial femoral artery supply?

A

Superificial structures of the thigh

24
Q

What does the superficial femoral artery pass through?

A

Adductor hiatus

25
Q

What does the popliteal artery supply?

A
  • Adductor magnus
  • Hamstrings
  • Skin of posterior leg
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
  • Planters
  • Knee joint
  • Femur, patella, fibula
26
Q

What veins form the superficial venous system?

A

Small & great saphenous

27
Q

What is the course of the small saphenous vein?

A

1) Drains foot & posterior aspect of leg
2) Passes posterior to lateral malleolus
3) Up posterior aspect of calf
4) Terminates in popliteal fossa drains into popliteal vein

28
Q

What is the course of the great saphenous vein?

A

1) Dorsal arch of foot
2) Passes anterior to medial malleolus
3) Medial side of leg
4) Passes posterior to medial epicondyle of knee
5) Superficial until femoral triangle

29
Q

What does the femoral sheath contain?

A

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Femoral canal contains fat & lymphatics, runs under inguinal ligament

30
Q

What veins form the deep venous system?

A

Posterior tibial
Anterior tibial
Popliteal
Femoral veins

31
Q

What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A

Superomed: Semimembranosus
Superolat: Biceps femoris
Inferolat: Lat head of gastro
Informed: Med head of gastro
Roof: Popliteal fascia
Floor: Popliteus & knee capsule

32
Q

What is the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A
  • Popliteal, sural, genicular arteries
  • Popliteal, short saphenous veins
  • Sciatic nerve becoming common fibular & tibial nerve in fossa,
33
Q

What branches come off the lumbar plexus?

A
  • Iliohypogastric
  • Ilioinguinal
  • Genitofemoral
  • Lat cutaneous
    -Femoral
  • Obturator
34
Q

What branches come of the sacral plexus?

A
  • Superior gluteal
  • Inferior gluteal
  • Quads femoris
  • Obturator internus
  • Sciatic
  • Post cutaneous
  • Perforating cutaneous
  • Pudendal

Anatomy (8 decks)

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