Thoracolumbar Spine I

Question 1

With hypomobility, the area may not be _______

Answer 1

P!ful

Question 2

If hypomobility is not addressed, it could lead to….

Answer 2

hypermobility in other areas

Question 3

If hypermobility occurs elsewhere in the body due to not addressing hypomobility, this is called the….

Answer 3

path of least resistance

Question 4

What is the general Rx or purpose for hypomobility?

Answer 4

Get the specified area moving more and address the adjacent joint/areas

Question 5

If a patient has a stiff lower thoracic region and thoracolumbar junction, this could lead to what?

Answer 5

hypermobility in the mid-to-low lumbar spine

Question 6

If a patient has a stiff sacroiliac joint and hip, this could lead to what?

Answer 6

hypermobile lower lumbar spine

Question 7

With hypermobility the areas are usually ______, and why?

Answer 7

painful bc the axis of motion is less controlled

Question 8

What can cause hypermobility?

Answer 8

trauma

never treating a hypomobile area

overuse with repetitive activity

posture

Question 9

General Rx for hypermobility focuses on what?

Answer 9

stabilization with the deeper muscles

Question 10

Facet joints determine _________ and _________ ___ _______

Answer 10

direction; amount of motion

Question 11

The thoracic spine is mostly the _______ plane but the ribs limit a _______ ________

Answer 11

frontal; greater SB

Question 12

The most movement in the thoracic spine is with _________, which is 25-30° then ______, and ________

Answer 12

rotation, SB, FLX

Question 13

The least movement in the thoracic spine is with _______

Answer 13

EXT

Question 14

The lumbar spine is slightly ________ and _______ or more coronal

Answer 14

curved; anterior

Question 15

What level in the lumbar spine is anterior and more coronal?

Answer 15

L5, S1

Question 16

With the lumbar spine, the most motion occurs with _____ and _____

Answer 16

FLX; EXT

Question 17

With the lumbar spine, the least motion occurs with _____ at how many degrees?

Answer 17

ROT, 5-7°

Question 18

Stabilization is controlled _________ and is MORE than just the strength of ________ muscles

Answer 18

mobility; superficial

Question 19

What are the 4 variables of stabilization?

Answer 19

1. joint integrity (cartilage)
2. passive stiffness (ligaments)
3. neural input
4. muscle function

Question 20

What are the characteristics of local muscles?

Answer 20

Type I fibers
deeper
stabilizers
postural
aerobic
closer to AOM

Question 21

What are the characteristics of global muscles?

Answer 21

Type II fibers
superficial
rotary
spurt mm.
anaerobic
further from the AOM

Question 22

Which two local muscles in the thoracolumbar spine are frontal plane stabilizers?

Answer 22

psoas and quadratus lumborum

Question 23

Which two local muscles increase the contraction of multifidus in the thoracolumbar spine?

Answer 23

pelvic floor and transversus abdominus

Question 24

Which two local muscles in the thoracolumabr spine if smaller result in a higher injury rate and LBP?

Answer 24

Multifidi and Rotatores

Question 25

What happens to local and global mm. in our patients and why?

Answer 25

The local mucles become inhibited which cause the global muscles to overwork themselves

Question 26

What are the 4 causes for inhibited muscles?

Answer 26

Pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse

Question 27

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse cause a _________ and ________ motor performance

Answer 27

decreased; delayed

Question 28

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse cause inhibition to which fiber muscles?

Answer 28

Type I

Question 29

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse cause local ______ _____ and ______ declines along with other muscle function

Answer 29

muscle atrophy; strength

Question 30

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes increased stress on ___- _____ structures

Answer 30

non-contractile

Question 31

What are contractile structures?

Answer 31

muscle, tendon, fascia

Question 32

What are non-contractile structures?

Answer 32

spinal nerve, bone, cartilage, ligament

Question 33

With global muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes _______ and ________ motor activity

Answer 33

increased; insuficient

Question 34

With global muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes atrophy that leads to....

Answer 34

fatty infiltration > 50% of muscle cross sectional area

Question 35

With global muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes fiber transformation from type _____ to type ____

Answer 35

I; II

Question 36

Normal muscle activity ____ _____ return spontaneously just bc the P! is gone

Answer 36

does not

Question 37

Muscle activation of ____% is sufficient to keep stability and is suitable to improve ____ _______, so it doesn't take a lot for improvement

Answer 37

30; muscular endurance