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DPT Spring 2024 > Thoracolumbar Spine I > Flashcards

Thoracolumbar Spine I Flashcards

1
Q

With hypomobility, the area may not be _______

A

P!ful

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2
Q

If hypomobility is not addressed, it could lead to….

A

hypermobility in other areas

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3
Q

If hypermobility occurs elsewhere in the body due to not addressing hypomobility, this is called the….

A

path of least resistance

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4
Q

What is the general Rx or purpose for hypomobility?

A

Get the specified area moving more and address the adjacent joint/areas

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5
Q

If a patient has a stiff lower thoracic region and thoracolumbar junction, this could lead to what?

A

hypermobility in the mid-to-low lumbar spine

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6
Q

If a patient has a stiff sacroiliac joint and hip, this could lead to what?

A

hypermobile lower lumbar spine

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7
Q

With hypermobility the areas are usually ______, and why?

A

painful bc the axis of motion is less controlled

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8
Q

What can cause hypermobility?

A

trauma

never treating a hypomobile area

overuse with repetitive activity

posture

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9
Q

General Rx for hypermobility focuses on what?

A

stabilization with the deeper muscles

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10
Q

Facet joints determine _________ and _________ ___ _______

A

direction; amount of motion

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11
Q

The thoracic spine is mostly the _______ plane but the ribs limit a _______ ________

A

frontal; greater SB

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12
Q

The most movement in the thoracic spine is with _________, which is 25-30° then ______, and ________

A

rotation, SB, FLX

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13
Q

The least movement in the thoracic spine is with _______

A

EXT

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14
Q

The lumbar spine is slightly ________ and _______ or more coronal

A

curved; anterior

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15
Q

What level in the lumbar spine is anterior and more coronal?

A

L5, S1

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16
Q

With the lumbar spine, the most motion occurs with _____ and _____

A

FLX; EXT

17
Q

With the lumbar spine, the least motion occurs with _____ at how many degrees?

A

ROT, 5-7°

18
Q

Stabilization is controlled _________ and is MORE than just the strength of ________ muscles

A

mobility; superficial

19
Q

What are the 4 variables of stabilization?

A
  1. joint integrity (cartilage)
  2. passive stiffness (ligaments)
  3. neural input
  4. muscle function
20
Q

What are the characteristics of local muscles?

A

Type I fibers
deeper
stabilizers
postural
aerobic
closer to AOM

21
Q

What are the characteristics of global muscles?

A

Type II fibers
superficial
rotary
spurt mm.
anaerobic
further from the AOM

22
Q

Which two local muscles in the thoracolumbar spine are frontal plane stabilizers?

A

psoas and quadratus lumborum

23
Q

Which two local muscles increase the contraction of multifidus in the thoracolumbar spine?

A

pelvic floor and transversus abdominus

24
Q

Which two local muscles in the thoracolumabr spine if smaller result in a higher injury rate and LBP?

A

Multifidi and Rotatores

25
Q

What happens to local and global mm. in our patients and why?

A

The local mucles become inhibited which cause the global muscles to overwork themselves

26
Q

What are the 4 causes for inhibited muscles?

A

Pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse

27
Q

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse cause a _________ and ________ motor performance

A

decreased; delayed

28
Q

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse cause inhibition to which fiber muscles?

A

Type I

29
Q

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse cause local ______ _____ and ______ declines along with other muscle function

A

muscle atrophy; strength

30
Q

With local muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes increased stress on ___- _____ structures

A

non-contractile

31
Q

What are contractile structures?

A

muscle, tendon, fascia

32
Q

What are non-contractile structures?

A

spinal nerve, bone, cartilage, ligament

33
Q

With global muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes _______ and ________ motor activity

A

increased; insuficient

34
Q

With global muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes atrophy that leads to….

A

fatty infiltration > 50% of muscle cross sectional area

35
Q

With global muscles, pain, swelling, joint laxity, and disuse causes fiber transformation from type _____ to type ____

A

I; II

36
Q

Normal muscle activity ____ _____ return spontaneously just bc the P! is gone

A

does not

37
Q

Muscle activation of ____% is sufficient to keep stability and is suitable to improve ____ _______, so it doesn’t take a lot for improvement

A

30; muscular endurance

DPT Spring 2024 (30 decks)

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