Biomechanics Exam 2

Question 1

Know this

Answer 1

Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
TFL
Rectus Femoris
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Maximus
Adductor Longus
Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris (long head) and Semitendinosus

Question 2

Coxa vara is hip bend ______ and ____ 125°

Answer 2

inward; <

Question 3

Coxa valga is hip bend _____ and ___ 125°

Answer 3

outward; >

Question 4

Anteversion has more ____ than _____

Answer 4

IR; ER

Question 5

Retroversion has more ____ than ______

Answer 5

ER; IR

Question 6

Angle of inclination can alter the _______ @ the acetabulum and is involved with _____/______

CP is typically coxa _____

Answer 6

articulation

OA; dislocation

valga

Question 7

Know this

Answer 7

Top pic: Normal

Coxa Vara

Coxa Valga

2nd pic: Coxa valga; Coxa vara

Question 8

Answer 8

Normal Anteversion

Excessive Anteversion

Excessive Retroversion

Question 9

The ______ is a deep, cuplike socket

Answer 9

acetabulum

Question 10

The acetabular notch has a ____-____° opening

Answer 10

60-70

Question 11

________ ________ : floor of fossa, has no cartilage, no contact, filled with fat/blood vessels/ synovial membrane/lig

Answer 11

acetabular fossa

Question 12

Femoral head normally contacts only along the ______ _______

Answer 12

lunate surface

Question 13

The _______ _________ is covered in articular cartilage, thickest along the antsup region matching area of highest joint force with walking

Answer 13

lunate surface

Question 14

Forces ____% swing to _____% BW at mid stance

Answer 14

13; 300

Question 15

In midstance, the _____ widens, lunate _____, ______ contact area, _______ pressure

Answer 15

notch
deforms
increase
decrease

Question 16

Know these

Answer 16

a. ischiofemoral
b. ligamentum teres
c. iliofemoral
d. lesser
e. transverse acetabular
f. ischial ramus
g. pubis
h. ligamentum teres cut
i. acetabular fossa
j. lunate surface
k. acetabular labrum
l. iliofemoral

Question 17

The acetabular labrum is a strong, _______ ring with a ____________ rim

Answer 17

flexible; fibrocartilage

Question 18

The acetabular labrum provides mechanical _______ ‘grip’ and _______ the socket

Answer 18

stability; deepens

Question 19

The acetabular labrum has a mechanical seal keeps negative _______, is _______ sealed

This causes reduced ________/contact stress and improved _______ to the joint

Answer 19

pressure; fluid

friction; lubrication

Question 20

The acetabular labrum is poorly _______ but well _________

Focuses on pain and ________

Answer 20

vascularized; innervated

proprioception

Question 21

Capsule with synovial membrane:

Iliofemoral/pubofemoral/ischiofemoral ligaments reinforce external ________, _________, gluteus ________, _________ __________

Answer 21

capsule; iliocapsularis; minimus; rectus femoris

Question 22

This ligament is thick, strong upside down “Y” med. and lat; AIIS/ rim of acetabulum to intertronchanteric line; full hip ext and also full EROT elongates it?

Answer 22

Iliofemoral

Question 23

This ligament is taught in hip abd/ext and a bit of ERot?

Answer 23

Pubofemoral

Question 24

This ligament is posterior, spirals, taught in IROT and ABD?

Answer 24

Ischiofemoral

Question 25

know these

Answer 25

a. iliofemoral b. ischiofemoral c. iliacus d. psoas e. pubofemoral f. obturator externus g. iliopsoas tendon

Question 26

know these

Answer 26

a. ischial spine b. inferior pubi ramus c. ischial tuberosity d. ilium e. greater trochanter f. ischiofemoral g. protrusion of synovial membrane h. lesser trochanter

Question 27

_____-on-______: femur on about fixed pelvis

Answer 27

femoral-on-pelvic

Question 28

____- on- ________: rotation of the pelvis on fixed femurs

Answer 28

pelvic-on-femoral

Question 29

T/F: FOP and POF occur often simultaneously

Answer 29

T

Question 30

know this

Answer 30

sagittal

Question 31

know this

Answer 31

horizontal

Question 32

know this

Answer 32

frontal

Question 33

hip flexion is _____-_____ degrees

Answer 33

120-140

Question 34

with hip flexion and LE extended. it is ____-_____ degrees (hamstring tension)

Answer 34

70-80

Question 35

hip extension is ____-_____ degrees

Answer 35

18-30

Question 36

Abduction is ____-_____ degrees Limited by _______ and _______ muscles

Answer 36

40-55 pubofemoral adductor

Question 37

Adduction is _____-______ degrees Limited by ____, _______, and ________

Answer 37

20-25 abd; piriformis; ITB

Question 38

IR is ____-_____ degrees

Answer 38

30-45

Question 39

ER is _____-______ degrees

Answer 39

32-50

Question 40

know this

Question 41

know this

Question 42

Muscular function: FLEXION 6 main hip flexors?

Answer 42

Iliopsoas Sartorius TFL RF Adductor Longus Pectineus

Question 43

The ________ and _______ ________ large, long Iliacus – iliacus fossa/over SIJ Psoas major – TP T12/discs (blend with diaphragm) Blend anterior to femoral head before attachment to lesser trochanter “internal snapping hip” – distal abrasion @iliopubic eminence region

Answer 43

Iliopsoas and psoas minor

Question 44

The _______ is Prominent femoral-on-hip flexor and flexor of trunk/pelvis over fixed thighs Swing phase of walk/run Frontal plane stability of lumbar spine bilat contraction

Answer 44

Iliopsoas

Question 45

The _______ ________ is Directly anterior to major Present in 60-65% T12/L1 bodies to medial to acetabulum and iliac fascia May help stabilize the position of the underlying psoas major (prevent ‘bowstringing’)

Answer 45

psoas minor

Question 46

The __________ muscle: Longest muscle in the body ASIS to medial proximal tibia @ pes anserine Tailor’s muscle Hip flexion/ER/abd

Answer 46

Sartorius

Question 47

The ______ muscle Ilium to IT Band (short) Flexor/abd of hip IRot only from Erot

Answer 47

TFL

Question 48

The ______ _______ of the thigh: max and TFL attachments it circles the thigh Forms fascial sheets of intermuscular septa (attach at linea aspera) ITB forms as thickened deeper portion

Answer 48

fascia lata