Biomechanics Exam 2 Flashcards
Know this
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
TFL
Rectus Femoris
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Maximus
Adductor Longus
Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris (long head) and Semitendinosus
Coxa vara is hip bend ______ and ____ 125°
inward; <
Coxa valga is hip bend _____ and ___ 125°
outward; >
Anteversion has more ____ than _____
IR; ER
Retroversion has more ____ than ______
ER; IR
Angle of inclination can alter the _______ @ the acetabulum and is involved with _____/______
CP is typically coxa _____
articulation
OA; dislocation
valga
Know this
Top pic: Normal
Coxa Vara
Coxa Valga
2nd pic: Coxa valga; Coxa vara
Normal Anteversion
Excessive Anteversion
Excessive Retroversion
The ______ is a deep, cuplike socket
acetabulum
The acetabular notch has a ____-____° opening
60-70
________ ________ : floor of fossa, has no cartilage, no contact, filled with fat/blood vessels/ synovial membrane/lig
acetabular fossa
Femoral head normally contacts only along the ______ _______
lunate surface
The _______ _________ is covered in articular cartilage, thickest along the antsup region matching area of highest joint force with walking
lunate surface
Forces ____% swing to _____% BW at mid stance
13; 300
In midstance, the _____ widens, lunate _____, ______ contact area, _______ pressure
notch
deforms
increase
decrease
Know these
a. ischiofemoral
b. ligamentum teres
c. iliofemoral
d. lesser
e. transverse acetabular
f. ischial ramus
g. pubis
h. ligamentum teres cut
i. acetabular fossa
j. lunate surface
k. acetabular labrum
l. iliofemoral
The acetabular labrum is a strong, _______ ring with a ____________ rim
flexible; fibrocartilage
The acetabular labrum provides mechanical _______ ‘grip’ and _______ the socket
stability; deepens
The acetabular labrum has a mechanical seal keeps negative _______, is _______ sealed
This causes reduced ________/contact stress and improved _______ to the joint
pressure; fluid
friction; lubrication
The acetabular labrum is poorly _______ but well _________
Focuses on pain and ________
vascularized; innervated
proprioception
Capsule with synovial membrane:
Iliofemoral/pubofemoral/ischiofemoral ligaments reinforce external ________, _________, gluteus ________, _________ __________
capsule; iliocapsularis; minimus; rectus femoris
This ligament is thick, strong upside down “Y” med. and lat; AIIS/ rim of acetabulum to intertronchanteric line; full hip ext and also full EROT elongates it?
Iliofemoral
This ligament is taught in hip abd/ext and a bit of ERot?
Pubofemoral
This ligament is posterior, spirals, taught in IROT and ABD?
Ischiofemoral
know these
a. iliofemoral
b. ischiofemoral
c. iliacus
d. psoas
e. pubofemoral
f. obturator externus
g. iliopsoas tendon
know these
a. ischial spine
b. inferior pubi ramus
c. ischial tuberosity
d. ilium
e. greater trochanter
f. ischiofemoral
g. protrusion of synovial membrane
h. lesser trochanter
_____-on-______: femur on about fixed pelvis
femoral-on-pelvic
____- on- ________: rotation of the pelvis on fixed femurs
pelvic-on-femoral
T/F:
FOP and POF occur often simultaneously
T
know this
sagittal
know this
horizontal
know this
frontal
hip flexion is _____-_____ degrees
120-140
with hip flexion and LE extended. it is ____-_____ degrees (hamstring tension)
70-80
hip extension is ____-_____ degrees
18-30
Abduction is ____-_____ degrees
Limited by _______ and _______ muscles
40-55
pubofemoral
adductor
Adduction is _____-______ degrees
Limited by ____, _______, and ________
20-25
abd; piriformis; ITB
IR is ____-_____ degrees
30-45
ER is _____-______ degrees
32-50
know this
know this
Muscular function: FLEXION
6 main hip flexors?
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
TFL
RF
Adductor Longus
Pectineus
The ________ and _______ ________
large, long
Iliacus – iliacus fossa/over SIJ
Psoas major – TP T12/discs (blend with diaphragm)
Blend anterior to femoral head before attachment to lesser trochanter
“internal snapping hip” – distal abrasion @iliopubic eminence region
Iliopsoas and psoas minor
The _______ is
Prominent femoral-on-hip flexor and flexor of trunk/pelvis over fixed thighs
Swing phase of walk/run
Frontal plane stability of lumbar spine bilat contraction
Iliopsoas
The _______ ________ is Directly anterior to major
Present in 60-65%
T12/L1 bodies to medial to acetabulum and iliac fascia
May help stabilize the position of the underlying psoas major (prevent ‘bowstringing’)
psoas minor
The __________ muscle:
Longest muscle in the body
ASIS to medial proximal tibia @ pes anserine
Tailor’s muscle
Hip flexion/ER/abd
Sartorius
The ______ muscle
Ilium to IT Band (short)
Flexor/abd of hip
IRot only from Erot
TFL
The ______ _______ of the thigh:
max and TFL attachments
it circles the thigh
Forms fascial sheets of intermuscular septa (attach at linea aspera)
ITB forms as thickened deeper portion
fascia lata
