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Anatomy Exam #1 > Thoracic Wall Muscles > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Define Axioappendicular muscles and their purpose

A

extend from thoracic cage to upper limb bone.

help elevate ribs in respiration

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2
Q

Which muscles are the accessory muscles in respiration?

A

Scalene muscles, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior

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3
Q

Name the attachment and function of scalene muscles.

A

Attachment from neck vertebrae to 1st and 2nd ribs. Fixes the ribs and elevates lower ribs

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4
Q

Which muscles are the true thoracic wall muscles?

A

Serratus Posterior Anterior, Serratus Posterior Interior, Levator Costarum, External Intercostal Muscles, Internal Intercostal Muscles, Innermost Intercostal Muscles, Subcostal, Tranversus Thoracis

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5
Q

Describe the Levator Costarum

A

12 fan shape muscles

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the intercostal muscles? Where are they located?

A

They keep the intercostal spaces rigid so that there’s no bulging during expiration and no drawing in during inspiration. They occupy the intercostal muscles

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7
Q

How many pairs in the external intercostal muscles? Most active during?

A

11 pairs. Most active during inspiration

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8
Q

External intercostal muscles are replaced anteriorly by? What’s unique about them?

A

external intercostal membranes. they run continuously with oblique muscles

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9
Q

Internal intercostal muscles are replaced posteriorly by? What’s unique about them?

A

internal intercostal membranes. they are continuous with internal oblique muscles

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10
Q

internal intercostals are weaker than? most active during?

A

weaker than external intercostal muscles and are most active during expiration.

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11
Q

the innermost intercostal muscles are separated by?

A

intercostal nerves and vessels.

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12
Q

subcostal muscles are located where?

A

lower thoracic wall

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13
Q

describe the features of the transversus thoracis muscles.

A

4 or 5 slips. continuous with transversus abdominis.

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14
Q

What is the main purpose of the diaphragm?

Describe its features

A

primary muscle of inspiration. shared wall separating thorax and abdomen

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15
Q

What is passive unless one is exhaling against resistance?

A

Expiration

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16
Q

superior attachment of the serratus posterior superior?

A

nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T3 Vertebrae

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17
Q

inferior attachment of the serratus posterior superior?

A

superior borders of 2nd to 4th ribs

18
Q

innervation of the serratus posterior superior?

A

2nd to 5th intercostal nerves

19
Q

main action of the serratus posterior superior?

A

proprioception - elevate ribs

20
Q

superior attachment of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

spinous processes of T11 to L2

21
Q

inferior attachment of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

inferior borders of 8th to 12th ribs near their angles

22
Q

innervation of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

anterior rami to T9 to T12 thoracic spinal nerves

23
Q

action of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

proprioception - depress ribs

24
Q

superior attachment of levator costarum.

A

transverse processes of T7-11

25
Q

inferior attachment of levator costarum.

A

subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle

26
Q

innervation of levator costarum

A

posterior primary rami of C8-T11

27
Q

action of levator costarum.

A

elevate ribs

28
Q

superior attachment of external, internal and innermost intercostal muscles.

A

inferior border of ribs

29
Q

inferior attachment of external, internal, innermost intercostal muscles

A

superior border of ribs below

30
Q

innervation of the external, internal, innermost intercostal muscles

A

intercostal nerve

31
Q

action of the external intercostal muscles.

A

elevate ribs during forced inspiration

32
Q

action of the internal intercostal and innermost intercostal muscles.

A

interosseous part: depresses ribs
interchondral part: elevates ribs
during active respiration

33
Q

superior attachment of the subcostal muscles.

A

internal surface of lower ribs near their angles

34
Q

inferior attachment of the subcostal muscles.

A

superior borders of 2nd or 3rd ribs below

35
Q

innervation of the subcostal muscles.

A

intercostal nerve

36
Q

action of the subcostal muscles

A

probably the same as internal intercostal muscles

37
Q

superior attachment of the transversus thoracis

A

posterior surface of the lower sternum

38
Q

inferior attachment of the transversus thoracis

A

internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6

39
Q

innervation of the transversus thoracis

A

intercostal nerves

40
Q

action of the transversus thoracis

A

weakly depress ribs. proprioception

Anatomy Exam #1 (6 decks)

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