Surface Anatomy of Thoracic Wall Flashcards
What are the parts of the clavicles?
Acromial end, body, and the sternal end.
Where do the clavicles lie? Above the clavicles what flows?
subcutaneously. lymph flow to inferior jugular lymph nodes. parietal lymph flows to axillary lymph nodes.
where is the sternum?
lies subcutaneously in the anterior median line.
where is the jugular notch?
between the medial ends of the clavicles at the sternoclavicular joint. It lies at the inferior border of the body of T2 vertebra and the space between the 1st and 2nd thoracic spinous processes
where is the manubrium?
level of T3 and T4 vertebral bodies
where is the sternal angle?
T4-T5 IV disc, space between 3rd and 4th thoracic spinous processes. at level of 2nd costal cartilages
left side of the manubrium is anterior to?
arch of aorta
what passes inferiorly deep to the manubrium?
superior vena cava
body of sternum lies where?
anterior to the right border of the heart and T5-T9 vertebrae
what is the intermammary cleft?
cleavage
where is the xiphoid process? where is the xiphisternal joint?
the epigastric fossa. ridge at the inferior border of the T9 vertebra
what is the epigastric fossa?
used in CPR
what forms the costal margins?
joined costal cartilages of 7th-10th ribs. extend inferolaterally from the xiphisternal joint
what forms the infrasternal joint?
the right and left costal margins
why does rib counting start at the 2nd rib?
because the 1st rib is not palpable. 2nd rib is near the sternal angle
why is it more reliable to count the intercostal spaces?
because the fingertips rest in the gaps.
define the anterior median line (AML)
in median plane with the anterior thoracic wall
define the midclavicular line (MCL)
passes through the middle of the clavicle and runs parallel to AML
define the anterior axillary line (AAL)
runs vertically near the inferolateral border of the pectoralis major. spans from the thoracic cage to the humerus in the arm.
define the midaxillary line (MAL)
runs from the apex of the armpit, parallel to the AAL
define the posterior axillary line (PAL)
parallel to the AAL, formed by the latissimus dorsi and teres major muscles. they span from the back to the humerus
define the posterior median line (PML)
along the tips of the spinous processes of vertebrae
define the scapular lines (SLs)
parallel to the PML
digitations of the serratus anterior look like?
have serrated sawtooth appearance and interdigitate with the external oblique.
the nipple is surrounded by?
the pigmented areola
