pages 2-11, 16-22

Question 1

what is regional anatomy?

Answer 1

organization of the human body into major parts or segments

Question 2

what is an example of regional anatomy?

Answer 2

main body - head, neck, trunk

Question 3

how is the skin organized?

Answer 3

subcutaneous layers, deep fascia, viscera

Question 4

what is surface anatomy?

Answer 4

what lies underneath skin and what structures are perceptible to touch

Question 5

what is a physical examination?

Answer 5

clinical application of surface anatomy

Question 6

what is palpatation?

Answer 6

clinical technique with observation and listening

Question 7

what are prossections?

Answer 7

carefully prepared dissections for demonstration of anatomical structure.

Question 8

what is a dissection?

Answer 8

observe, palpate, move and reveal parts of the body.

Question 9

what is systemic anatomy?

Answer 9

study of the body’s organ systems that work together to carry out functions

Question 10

What is the integumentary system? what is it made of?

Answer 10

protective covering.

made up of skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands.

Question 11

what makes up the skeletal system/osteology? what does it do?

Answer 11

bones and cartilage. it provides basic shape and support and protects organs

Question 12

what makes up the articular system/arthrology and what does it do?

Answer 12

joints and ligaments. they are the movement sites

Question 13

what is the muscular system/mycology? what does it do?

Answer 13

skeletal muscles move the body. smooth/cardiac muscles propels, expels and controls fluid flow and contained substance.

Question 14

what is the nervous system/neurology. what does it do?

Answer 14

CNS/PNS. Coordinates functions of the organ systems

Question 15

What is the circulatory system/angiology? what does it do?

Answer 15

cardiovascular system - heart, blood vessels, delivers O2, nutrients and hormones, and removes waste.

lymphatic system - withdraws excess tissue fluid from interstitial fluid. filters fluid through lymph nodes & returns it back to blood.

Question 16

What is the Alimentary/Digestive System? What does it do?

Answer 16

GI tract

ingestion, mastication, deglutition, digestion, absorption of food, and eliminates waste.

Question 17

What is the respiratory system and what does it do?

Answer 17

air passages, lungs, diaphragm, larynx. It supplies oxygen to blood for cellular respiration and eliminates C02

Question 18

What is the Urinary System? what does it do?

Answer 18

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

produces, transports, stores and excretes urine. filters blood

Question 19

what is the genital reproductive system?

Answer 19

eggs & sperm

Question 20

what is the endocrine system?

Answer 20

endocrine glands and hormones

Question 21

what are hormones used for?

Answer 21

regulation of metabolism, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, etc.

Question 22

what is the locomotor system?

Answer 22

passive skeletal, articular systems, active muscular system, muscle, bones, joints, ligaments.

Question 23

what is clinical anatomy?

Answer 23

applied anatomy

Question 24

what are fascias?

Answer 24

they are the wrapping, packing and insulating materials of the deep structures of the body.

Question 25

what is deep fascia?

Answer 25

dense, organized CT with fat. covers most body parallel to skin and under the subcutaneous tissue

Question 26

what is investing tissue?

Answer 26

individual muscles and nerovascular bundles

Question 27

what are the responsibilities of the skin?

Answer 27

protection, containment, heat regulation, sensation, synthesis and storage of vitamin D

Question 28

what are fascial compartments?

Answer 28

group of muscles with similar functions sharing the same nerve supply.

Question 29

what is the intermuscular septa?

Answer 29

separated by thick sheets of deep tissue

Question 30

what is the retinaculum?

Answer 30

thick deep fascia that holds tendons in place

Question 31

what is the subserous fascia?

Answer 31

fatty tissue lying between musculoskeletal walls. endothoracic,endoabdominal, endopelvic fascias

Question 32

what is the difference between the epidermis and dermis?

Answer 32

epidermis: protective, avascular, has some nerve endings.
dermis: collagen and elastic fibers with lots of nerve endings

Question 33

what is bone?

Answer 33

living hard form of CT

Question 34

what do cartilage and bones do?

Answer 34

support the body, protection, movement, salt storage, supply of new blood cell.s

Question 35

what is the periosteum?

Answer 35

surrounds bones

Question 36

what is the perichondrium?

Answer 36

surrounds cartilage

Question 37

what are the different kinds of bone and what do they have?

Answer 37

compact bone and spongy bone in the medullary cavity. it houses red/yellow bone marrow.

Question 38

what are the classification of bones?

Answer 38

long - tubular, short - cuboidal in wrist & ankle,
flat - protective functions in the brain, irregular - various shapes, sesamoid bones - in certain tendons to protect it from excessive wear?

Question 39

what is intramembraonus ossification?

Answer 39

tissue to bone, formed during embryonic period

Question 40

what is endochondral ossification?

Answer 40

mesenchyme during fetal period. tissue to cartilage to bone.

Question 41

what is the primary ossification made from?

Answer 41

capillaries

Question 42

where is the secondary ossification center?

Answer 42

epiphyses

Question 43

name the parts of the bone.

Answer 43

primary ossification center, diaphysis, epiphyses (both ends), metaphysis, epiphyseal plates

Question 44

when does ossification start and end?

Answer 44

at 5th week, usually ends at 21 years old.