Thoracic wall Flashcards
What does the thoracic cage consist of?
12 thoracic vertebrae and discs, 12 pairs of ribs and costal cartilage, and the sternum
What kind/how many bony vertebra are there?
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral (fused) and 4 coccygeal (fused)
Two regions of Intervertebral discs?
Annulus fibrosis (outside) nucleus pulposa (inside)
what type of joint is betweet he vertebra and intervertebral discs?
symphysis
which parts of the spine have a concave curvature (lordosis)
Cervical and lumbar
Which parts of the spine have a convex curvature (kyphosis)?
Thoracic and Sacral
which curves are primary curves?
thoracic and sacral
which curves are secondary curves?
cervical and lumbar
what would excessive thoracic kyphosis look like?
hunch back
what would excessive lumbar lordosis look like?
gymnast
What are articular facets?
synovial joints where vertebra and ribs articulate.
What do the facets of the head of the ribs do?
Articulate with the body of the corresponding vertebra and vertebra superior to it
What does the articular facet on the Tubercle of the rib do?
articulates with the TRANSVERSE process of the corresponding vertebra
What is the angle of the rib?
where the rib turns anterolateral
What do you find at the costal groove?
Intercostal nerve, artery and vein
What vertebra would the 7th rib articulate with?
With bodies of T6 and T7 and with the Transverse process of T7
Which ribs are typical?
3-9
Which ribs are atypical?
1st, 2nd, and 10-12
Which ribs are true?
1-7
which ribs are false?
8-10
which ribs are floating?
11-12
Costochondral joints (ribs w/costal cartilage) are classified as ?
Synchondrosis
The Sternocostal joint of the first rib is classifed as?
synchondrosis
the 2nd-7th rib sternocostal joints are classified as?
synovial joints
Parts of manubrium?
Jugular nitch and Sternal angle
The Xiphisternal joint is a
synchondrosis
What innervates pec major?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
What is the action of pec major/minor and serratus anterior?
accessory muscle of forced inspiration
what innervates serratus anterior?
long thoracic nerve
Proximal attachment of pec major?
Clavicular head, sternocostal head
Clavicular head
medial 1.2 of clavicle
sternocostal head
anterior surface of sternum, costal cartilage 1-6
Distal attachment of pec major
lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Serratus anterior proximal attachment
external surfaces of ribs 1-8
Serratus anterior distal attachment
anterior surface of medial border of the scapula
Innervation of Subclavius muscle
nerve to subclavius
action of subclavius muscle
forces inspiration, elevates FIRST rib
Proximal attachment of pec minor
external surfaces of ribs 3-5
Distal attachment of pec minor
coracoid process of scapula
Proximal attachment of subclavius
1st rib
distal attachment of subclavius
clavicle (middle 1/3)
Where do external intercostals run?
tubercle of rib to costochondral junction
What replaces the external intercostals anteriorly?
external intercostal membrane
Where do internal intercostals run?
angle of rib to sternum
what replaces internal intercostals posteriorly?
internal intercostal membrane
where is innermost intercostal present?
laterally
Where is transversalis thoracis?
Attaches from costal cartilage 3-6 and pass inferomedial to the lower body of sternum and xiphoid
At what level are intercostal nerves?
t1-T11
Where do posterior intercostal arteries come from?
from aorta
where to anterior intercostal arteries come from?
from internal thoracic artery, a branch off the subclavian
Where do posterior intercostal veins empty to?
to azygous venous system
Where do anterior intercostal veins empty into?
internal thoracic veins
Where does the phrenic nerve come from?
C3 4, 5 ha ha ha ha stayin alive, stayin alive
What is the diaphragm attached to?
xiphoid, lower ribs and costocartilage, lumbar vertebra L1-3
What is the “I ate ten eggs at 12” thing?
IVC caval opening is at T8
Esophageal hiatus is at T10
Aortic hiatus is at T12
