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511 > Thoracic wall > Flashcards

Thoracic wall Flashcards

1
Q

borders of the superior thoracic aperture

A

T1
1st rib
manubrium of the sternum

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2
Q

borders of the inferior thoracic aperture

A

T12
ribs 11 and 12
costal margin
xiphoid process of sternum

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3
Q

What structures pass near the superior thoracic aperture to get to the arm?

A

subclavian/axillary artery/vein
brachial plexus, long thoracic nerve

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4
Q

true ribs

A

a rib attaching directly to the sternum via its own costal cartilage
1-7

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5
Q

false rib

A

a rib that indirectly articulates with the sternum by connecting to the common seventh costal cartilage
8-10

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6
Q

typical ribs

A

3-9
articular facet to articulate with transverse process
costal groove for neurovascular bundle

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7
Q

atypical ribs

A

1-2, 10-12

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8
Q

floating ribs

A

not connected to the sternum

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9
Q

distinct features of rib 1

A

wide/flat
shortest rib
articulates with only one vertebrae, T1
scalene tubercle for middle scalene attachment
subclavian/axillary a./v.

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10
Q

distinct characteristics of rib 2

A

flat, not as wide as 1
tuberosity for SA muscle on this rib only

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11
Q

distinct characteristics of rib 10

A

head has a single articulation with its own vertebrae

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12
Q

distinct characteristics of rib 11/12

A

articulate with only bodies of their own vertabrae, no tubercles
short ribs, not much curve
point anteriorly
no articulation with sternum

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13
Q

three parts of the sternum

A

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

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14
Q

sternocostal joint

A

articulation between costal cartilage and sternum

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15
Q

Which costal cartilage articulation is not synovial? Why?

A

rib 1 and manubrium is fibrocartilaginous
don’t want movement to avoid compression of superior thoracic aperture structures

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16
Q

sternal angle

A

angle between the 2nd costal cartilage and the sternum

17
Q

clinical significance of the sternal angle

A

T4/T5 disc level
divides mediastinum into sup/inf
overlies aortic arch on left and SVC on right
pericardium just superior
bifurcation of trachea
tracheal carina deep to sternal angle
level of pulmonary trunk bifurcation

18
Q

What do the intercostal nerves pass between?

A

internal intercostals and innermost intercostals

19
Q

external intercostal

A

origin: inf margin of sup rib
insertion: sup margin of inf rib
innervation: intercostal nerves
action: active in inspiration, support intercostal space, move ribs superiorly

20
Q

internal intercostal

A

origin: lateral edge costal groove of rib above
insertion: superior margin of inf rib
innervation: intercostal nerves
action: most active in expiration, support intercostal space, move ribs inferiorly

21
Q

innermost intercostal

A

origin: medial edge costal groove of rib above
insertion: internal aspect of superior margin of rib below
innervation: intercostal nerves
action: acts with internal intercostal muscles

22
Q

subcostal muscle

A

origin: internal surface near angle of lower ribs
insertion: internal surface of every second or third rib
innervation: related intercostal nerves
action: depress ribs

23
Q

transversus thoracic

A

origin: inferior margins and internal surfaces of costal cartilages of 2nd - 6th ribs
insertion: inferior aspect, deep surface of body of sternum, xiphoid process, costal cartilages ribs 4-7
innervation: related intercostal nerves
action: depress costal cartilage, favoring expiration

24
Q

internal thoracic artery

A

branches into anterior intercostal arteries
comes off the subclavian
also know as the mammary a.
lateral to the sternum BL

25
Q

Where do the first intercostal arteries come from?

A

subclavian - costocervical trunk - to supreme intercostal artery to first intercostal artery

26
Q

Where do all the intercostal arteries come from, except the first?

A

from the descending abdominal aorta posteriorly and the internal thoracic artery anteriorly
these anastomoses

27
Q

azygous vein

A

asymmetrical, present only on the right side of the posterior thoracic wall, receiving the intercostal veins

28
Q

accessory azygous vein

A

upper intercostal veins drain into this, which drains into the azygous vein
only present on the left side

29
Q

hemiazygous vein

A

lower intercostal veins drain into this, which drains into the azygous vein
only present on the left side

30
Q

intercostal nerves

A

anterior rami of spinal nerves running with artery and vein
sensory/motor
innervate intercostal space muscles, parietal pleura, overlying skin

31
Q

T12 innervation

A

anterior ramus spinal nerve T12, inferior to rib 12, innervates the abdominal wall

511 (13 decks)

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