Back and Vertebral Column Flashcards
Lecture 3
functions of the back
support, movement, protection
support body weight
transmit forces
carry/position head
brace/maneuver upper limbs
vertebral curves
thoracic and sacral are primary curves
concave anteriorly
cerical and lumbar are concave posteriorly and secondary curves, develop with head raise and sitting up
function of vertebral curves
center body weight on column to expend least amount of energy upright
intrinsic muscles of the back
actions
maintain posture, move vertebral column
flexion/extension/lateral flexion/rotation
extrinsic muscles of the back
What group(s), innervation, actions?
move the upper limbs and ribs
innervated by anterior rami
superficial and intermediate group
intrinsic muscles of the back
function and innervation
deep layer, support/move vertebral column, head movement
innervated by posterior rami spinal nerves
What are the extrinsic muscles of the back? list
superficial: trap, levator, rhomboids, lats
intermediate: serratus post sup/inf
What are the intrinsic muscle of the back? list
suboccipitals, splenius, erector spinae
Where is the CSF contained?
subarachnoid layer
between pia and arachnoid
roots vs rami
root comes directly off of the spinal cord, anterior root is motor, posterior root is sensory
form spinal nerves
spinal nerves split into rami which are combined motor and sensory
What do the anterior and posterior rami innervate?
anterior go to most regions of the body, nerve plexuses, visceral PNS
posterior goes to intrinsic back muscles
How far down does the spinal cord extend?
stops at T12-L2
cauda equina
lumbar and sacral nerves roots form the cauda equina
intervertebral foramina
where the spinal nerves exit
formed by adjacent vertebral arches
