Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Radiology Positioning > Thoracic Viscera > Flashcards

Thoracic Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Determines the shape, position and movement of the internal organs

A

Body habitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Four types of body habitus

A

Hypersthenic
Sthenic
Asthenic
Hyposthenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

-Bounded by the walls of the thorax
- extends from the superior thoracic aperture to the inferior thoracic aperture

A

Thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

A

Diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

-Contains the lungs and the heart
-Organs of the respiratory
-cardiovascular
-lymphatic systems
-inferior portion of esophagus
-thymus gland

A

Thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Three separate chambers of the thoracic cavity

A
  • pericardial
    -right and left pleural cavities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

-Separates the two pleural cavities
-In the middle between the two lungs
-contains all the thoracic structures , except lungs and pleurae

A

Mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many chambers does the right lung have

A

Three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many chambers does the left lung have

A

Two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Respiratory system contains

A

Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Two lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fibrous, muscular tube with 16 to 20 C shaped cartilaginous rings in its walls for strength

A

Trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The trachea is anterior to the (blank)

A

Esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Trachea lies (blank)

A

Midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is a hooklike process on the last cartilage

A

Carina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trachea divides or bifurcates at carina

A
  • right primary bronchus
    -left primary bronchus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which bronchial is Shorter and wider and more vertical than the left

A

Right primary bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Subdivisions of bronchial tree

A

Primary bronchi
Secondary bronchi
Tertiary bronchi
Bronchioles
terminal bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where exchange of oxygen occurs

A

Alveolar sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Organs of respiration

A

Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which lung is shorter

A

Right lung is shorter than left because of presence of liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

During inspiration lungs move :

A

Inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

During expiration lungs move :

A

Superiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Lungs move in three directions

A

1) inferior and superior
2) anterior and posterior
3) transversely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Enclosed in a double walled serous membrane sac called the pleura

A

Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What pleura is the inner layer

A

Visceral pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What pleura is the outer layer

A

Parietal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Area of thorax bounded by sternum anteriorly, spine posteriorly, And lungs laterally

A

Mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Structures associated in the mediastinum

A

Heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus , lymphatics, nerves, fibrous tissue , fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Aspirated foreign objects are more likely to lodge in the :

A

Right primary bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The level of the trachea bifurcation is the :

A

Carina

31
Q

Pt. Prep
General pt position
Image receptor / collimated field size
Source to image receptor distance
Marker
Protection
Pt instructions

A

General procedural guidelines

32
Q

Patient prep

A

Removal of artifacts from the anatomy of interest (long earrings, necklace, clothing artifacts)

33
Q

Upright or seated erect

A

Ambulatory patients

34
Q

-Determine whether air fluid levels are critical to diagnosis
-may have to substitute a decubitus position if patient cannot sit upright

A

Nonambulatory

35
Q

SID for chest X-rays

A

72 inches to minimize magnification of heart and increase recorded detail

36
Q

Reasons to take an X-ray on one inspiration and one expiration :

A

Pneumothorax
Diaphragm movement
Foreign body
Atelectasis (collapse of lungs)

37
Q

Essential projections for chest

A

PA
lateral
PA oblique
AP oblique
AP
AP axial

38
Q

PA chest patient position

A

Upright , If possible to demonstrate air or fluid levels and allow diaphragm to move to its lowest position

39
Q

PA chest
Part position

A

-pt faces vertical grid device with MSP centered
-weight equally on both feed
-top of IR 1 1/2 to 2 inches above shoulders
-flex elbows and rest back of hands low on hips
-depress shoulders into same transverse plane
-roll shoulders forward

40
Q

PA chest central ray

A

-Perpendicular to center of IR
-enters at MSP and level of T7

41
Q

Breathing technique for PA chest

A

Exposure should be made at the end of second deep inspiration

42
Q

Lateral chest patient position

A

Upright, if possible
Top of IR 1 1/2 to 2 inches above shoulders

43
Q

Lateral chest part position

A

-true lateral position
-MSP parallel with IR
-mid coronal plane perpendicular to IR
-shoulder in contact with grid
-extend arms over head , flex elbows , and rest forearms on head

44
Q

Lateral chest CR

A

-directed perpendicular to IR
-enters patient on MCP at level of T7

45
Q

Lateral chest breathing technique

A

Exposure made at end of second deep inspiration

46
Q

PA oblique Chest patient position

A

Upright
Standing
Or seated

47
Q

PA oblique Chest
Part position

A

-45% LAO or RAO
-top of IR 1 1/2 to 2 inches above vertebra prominens
-arms positioned out or collimated field

48
Q

PA oblique chest
CR

A

-perpendicular to IR
-enters at level of T7

49
Q

Breathing technique for PA oblique chest

A

Two breaths : exposure made after second full inspiration

50
Q

What lung does RAO best demonstrate

A

Left lung

51
Q

What king does LAO best demonstrate

A

Right lung

52
Q

AP oblique chest patient position and part position

A

-upright or recumbent
-45% LPO or RPO
-arms out of field
-shoulders in same transverse plane

53
Q

AP oblique chest
CR:

A

-perpendicular to IR center
- enters 3 inches below the jugular notch

-two breaths in and exposure made on second full inspiration

54
Q

RAO = LPO
LAO = RPO

A
55
Q

AP chest pt position

A

Supine
Used when pt is too Ill for upright position

56
Q

AP chest part position

A

-center MSP to IR
-top of IR 1 1/2 to 2 inches above shoulders
-if permits flex elbows , probate hands and place hands on hips to draw scapula laterally
-adjust shoulders into same transverse place

57
Q

AP CHEST CR:

A

-perpendicular to long axis of sternum and center of IR
-enters 3 inches below jugular notch

-exposure made after second full inspiration

58
Q

-heart and great vessels are magnified and engorged
-lungs appear shorter due to abdominal compression
-clavicles project higher
-ribs have a more horizontal appearance

A

AP supine chest

59
Q

Method of AP axial chest lordotic position

A

Lindbolm method

60
Q

AP Axial chest lordotic position

A

-upright , facing tube
-approx 1 food in front of grid

61
Q

AP axial chest lordotic position
Part position :

A
  • MSP centered to midline of grip
    -assist pt to lean backward until shoulders rest on grid
    -top of IR placed 3 inches above shoulders when pt in lordotic position
62
Q

AP axial chest
CR :

A

-Perpendicular to IR
-enter MSP at midsternum
- exposure made after second full inspiration

63
Q

When a patient can not tilt backwards you can direct a 15 to 20 angle cephalic

A

AP axial chest (lordotic)

64
Q

AP axial Lordotic chest is to mainly see:

A

Apices

65
Q

Essential projections for lungs and pleurae

A

-AP or PA
-right or lateral decubitus position
- Lateral
- ventral or dorsal decubitus position

66
Q

AP/PA lateral decubitus position
Patient position

A

-lateral decubitus on right or left side
-to demonstrate fluid, patient should lie on affected side
- to demonstrate free air, pt should be positioned on unaffected side
-pt needs to be in position for 5 minutes for optimal pathology visualization

67
Q

AP/PA lateral decubitus position.
Part position :

A

-elevate body 2 to 3 inches if lying on affected side
-true lateral without rotation
- extend arms over head
- anterior or posterior surface of chest against vertical grid device
-top of IR 1 1/2 to 2 inches beyond shoulders

68
Q

AP/PA LATERAL DECUBITUS POSITION
CR:

A

-horizontal and perpendicular to center of IR
-enters MSP at 3 inches below jugular notch for AP , T7 for PA

-exposure made on second full inspiration

69
Q

Side up to show air level
Side down to show fluid level
Horizontal beam

A

Decubitus

70
Q

What side shoes air level and what side shows fluid level

A

Side up- air level
Side down- fluid level

71
Q

Lateral ventral or dorsal decubitus position
Pt position and part position:

A

Pt position
- prone or supine
-body elevated 2 to 3 inches (sponge)

Part position
-true prone or supine position without roatation
-affected side against vertical grid device
-arms above head

Top of IR AT LEVEL OF THYROID CARTILAGE

72
Q

Lateral ventral or dorsal decubitus position
CR:

A

-horizontal and perpendicular to IR
-enters at level of MSP 3 to 4 inches below jugular notch dorsal decubitus , T7 for ventral decubitus

-exposure made after second full inspiration
-pt should be in position for Atleast 5 minutes before exposure to allow fluid to settle or air to rise

73
Q

Decubitus is to mainly see:

A

Pleurasie

Radiology Positioning (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions